List of nicknames of European Royalty and Nobility: P-R

P - Q - R

P

• "The Pacific", "Peaceful", "Peaceable", "Peace-Loving", "Quiet" (Dut. de Vredebereide, Fr. le Pacifique, le Tranquille, Ger. der Freidige, der Friedliebende, der Friedfertige, Lat. Pacificus, Nor. Kyrre, Por. o Pacifico, Sp. el Pacificador, el Alegre, Swe. den Fridsamme):
  • Aimone of Savoy
  • Alfonso XII
  • Amadeus VIII of Savoy
  • Christoph, Duke of Württemberg
  • Conrad of Burgundy
  • Daniel of Moscow
  • Edgar of England 1
  • Edgar of Scotland
  • Aimone, Count of Savoy
  • Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
  • Frederick I, of Denmark
  • Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
  • Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick V of Austria
  • Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, 1406–1440
  • Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick
  • Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1503–1552
  • Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy
  • John I, Duke of Mecklenburg
  • John II, Duke of Brabant
  • John III of Marck
  • Johann III, Duke of Cleves
  • Louis II, Landgrave of Hesse, 1413–1458
  • Louis V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
  • Maximilian II of Bavaria
  • Olav III of Norway 2
  • Otto, Count of Kleve, 1305–1311
  • Maximilian II of Bavaria
  • Peter II, King of Portugal
  • Sancho I, King of Mallorca
• "The Pagan", "Heathen", "Gentile" (Ger. der Heide, Lat. Paganus, Sp. el Pagano, Swe. Hedningen):
  • Eric VII of Sweden
  • Waleran, Duke of Lower Lorraine
  • William of Torresana (d.after925), son of Aleramo of Montferrat
• "The Pale" (Dut. de Bleke, Fr. le Pale, Ger. der Grune, It. Pallido, Lat. Chlorus, Por. o Palido, Sp. el Palido): Constantius Chlorus
• "The Pale Death of the Saracens" (Fr. la Mort Pâle des Sarrasins): Nicephorus II 3
• "The Paphlagonian" (Por. o Paflagônio): Michael IV the Paphlagonian
• "The Parmesan" (Sp. la Parmesana): Elisabeth of Parma
• "The Parricide" (Fr. le Parricide, Ger. Verwandtenmörder, Lat. Parracida):
  • Cloderic, King of Cologne (d.509)
  • John Parricida
• "The Patrician": Julius Constantinus (d.337), son of Constantius Chlorus
• "The Patriot" (Por. o Patriota, Sp. el Patriota, Swe. Patrioten): Manuel II of Portugal
• "The Peace-Cow" (Nor. Fredkulla): Margaret of Sweden, queen of Magnus III of Norway
• "The Peacemaker":
  • Alexander III of Russia 4
  • Casimir I of Poland
  • Saint Casimir of Poland
  • Edward VII of the United Kingdom
  • Elizabeth of Portugal
  • Elizabeth of Valois
  • Margaret of Sweden, daughter of Inge I of Sweden and wife, firstly, of Magnus III of Norway and, secondly, of Niels of Denmark.
• "The Peacemaker of Italy":
  • Elizabeth of Aragon 5 6 7
  • Robert of Naples 8
• "The Peacemaker of Spain" (Ger. der Befrieder Spaniens, Sp. el Pacificador de España): Baldomero Espartero, Prince of Vergara 9
• "The Peacock of the North": Robert de Neville (1289–1319) 10
• "The Pearl of Britain (Dut. de Parel van Brittannië, Ger. Perle Britaniens): Elizabeth of Bohemia
• "The Pearl of France (Pol. Francuską Perłą, Sp. la Perla de Francia): Marguerite of France (born 1282)
• "The Pearl of Normandy", "Gem of Normandy": Emma of Normandy
• "The Pearl of Pearls" (Fr. Marguerite des Marguerites): Marguerite de Navarre
• "The Peasants' Friend": Alexander III of Russia 11
• "The Peasant's God", "God of the Peasants" (Dut. der Keerlen God, God van de Boeren, Fr. le Dieu des Paysans): Floris V, Count of Holland
• "The Peasants' Prince" (Fr. le Prince de Paysans): Sobeslav II
• "The Peculiar" (Fr. le Merveilleux, Ger. der Wunderliche, Lat. Mirabilis):
  • Albert IV of Austria
  • Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, 1291–1322
• "The Pedestrian Traveller" (Fr. le Voyageur Pédestre): John Dundas Cochrane 12 13
• "The Peer": Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
• "The Peerless": Frederick II of Prussia 14
• "The Peerless Oriana": Elizabeth I of England 15
• "The Penniless Maximilian", "Maximilian the Penniless" (It. Massimilliano Pochidanario): Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor 16
• "The People's King" (Fr. le Roi du Peuple, Ger. Volkskönig, Nor. Folkekongen):
  • Henry I, Duke of Guise 17
  • Henry IV of France
  • Olav V of Norway
• "The People-[...]" (Swe. Folkmördaren): Charles XI of Sweden
• "The People's Princess": Diana, Princess of Wales18
• "The Perfect Prince" (Fr. le Prince Parfait, Ger. der Vollkommene Fürst, It. il Principe Perfetto, Pol. Księciem Doskonałym, Por. o Principe Perfeito, Sp. ''el Principe Perfecto):
  • John II of Portugal
  • Louis of Orleans and Braganza (1878–1920), Prince of Brazil, 1908–1920
• "The Persistent": Henry II, Count of Reuss-Lobenstein, 1500–1547
• "The Petronius of His Age": Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke
• "The Petty King": Ramiro I of Aragon
• "The Phantom King" (It. il Re Fantasma): Childeric III
• "The Philhellene": Alexander I of Macedon
• "The Philosopher":
  • Julian the Apostate
  • Leo VI the Wise
  • Marcus Aurelius 19
• "The Philosopher King"
• (Fr. le Roi-Philosophe, Ger. der Philosophenkönig, Por. o Rei Filosofo):
  • Alexander the Great
  • Catherine II of Russia
  • Edward of Portugal
  • Frederick II of Prussia
  • Marcus Aurelius
  • Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
• "The Philosopher Prince": Frederick II of Prussia 20
• "The Philosopher of Sans Souci": Frederick II of Prussia 21
• "The Phrygian": Michael III
• "The Pig-headed" (It. Cabezzucco): Francis I of France 22
• "The Pilgrim" (Cat. el Peregri, Fr. le Pelerin, Ger. der Pilger, Sp. el Pelegrino):
  • Ermengol II, Count of Urgell 23
  • Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg, 1298–1302
  • Henry I of Reus (1449–1475)
• "The Pimple": Otto V, Duke of Bavaria
• "The Pious" (Cat. el Pietos, Dut. de Vrome, Fr. le Pieux, Ger. der Fromme, Frömmste, Cze and Pol. Pobozny, Hun. Kegyes, It. Pio, Lat. Pius, Pol. Pobozny, Por. a Piadosa, o Piadoso, Rum. cel Pios, Piosul, Rus. Blagovierniy, Sp. el Piadoso, Pio, Swe. den Fromme):
  • Adalbert I of Vermandois
  • Albert III, Duke of Bavaria
  • Albert VII, Archduke of Austria
  • Andrey, Grand Prince of Suzdal, 1341–1355
  • Archambaud V, Sire de Bourbon 24
  • Attilo IV, Prince of Elba and Piombino, 1699–1707
  • Baldwin V, Count of Flanders
  • Barnim IX, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1501–1573)
  • Barnim XI, Duke of Pomerania
  • Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania
  • Boleslaw V the Chaste
  • Boleslav II of Bohemia
  • Burchard I of Querfurt
  • Canute IV of Denmark
  • Centule III, Viscount of Bearn, 984–1004
  • Conrad, Margrave of Meissen, 1130–1156
  • Conrad I of Nuremberg
  • Dietrich IV, Count of Cleves, 1311–1347
  • Ernest I, Duke of Luneburg, 1522–1546
  • Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (1601–1675)
  • Feodor, Prince of Starodub (d.1330)
  • Frederick, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1756–1785
  • Frederick III, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg
  • Frederick III, Elector Palatine
  • [[George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach 25
  • George of Nuremberg
  • George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1567–1596
  • George II, Duke of Silesia (1523–1586)
  • Henry I, Duke of Brabant
  • Henry II of Reuss 26
  • Henryk II the Pious
  • Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
  • Henry IV of Saxony
  • Hersende of Ramerupt, Countess of Arcies (d.c.945)
  • Hugh V of Lusignan
  • John III of Portugal
  • John III, Duke of Silesia-Premyslid (1425–1485)
  • Leopold III of Austria (Habsburg)
  • Leopold V, Duke of Austria, 1177–1194
  • Louis the German
  • Louis the Pious
  • Louis of Bourbon, Duke of Orléans
  • Louis III of Wurttemberg (1568–1593)
  • Louis III, Landgrave of Thuringia
  • Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
  • Mary I of Portugal
  • Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1220–1267
  • Robert II of France
  • Sancho II of Portugal
  • Stanislaus II Radziwill (1559-1599)
  • Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia
  • Werner I
  • William III of Aquitaine
  • William V, Duke of Bavaria
• "The Pirate Queen of Connaught": Grace O'Malley 27
• "The Planet King": Philip IV of Spain 28
• "The Planter", "Planter John": John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu 29 30
• "The Playboy King": Carol II of Romania
• "The Playboy Prince": Prince Andrew, Duke of York 31
• "The Plowman", "Ploughman" (Cze. Oráč, Ger. der Pflüger): Přemysl, the Ploughman
• "The Pocket-Mouthed", "The Mouth Bag", ""The Big Mouth" (Ger. Maultasch): Margaret Maultasch
• "The Poet" (am Daimh, ua Lothcháin):
  • Charles, duc d'Orleans
  • Conn Ó Lochlain 32
  • Donal Oge III (1373–1468)
  • Gerald FitzGerald, 3rd Earl of Desmond
  • Thomas, 2nd Baron Vaux of Harrowden (d. 1562)
• "The Poet-King" (Por. o Rei Poeta): Denis I of Portugal
• "The Poet-Warlord": Nikola Zrinski 33
• "The Poisoner" Peter III Rares, Prince of Moldavia
• "The Poisoner of English History": Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset 34
• "The Poisoner of Italy": Pope Alexander VI 35
• "The Poisonous" (Rinnamail): Eochaid IV of Dalriada
• "The Poitevin": Roger the Poitevin
• "The Polish Bayard": Józef Antoni Poniatowski
• "The Polish Justinian: Casimir III of Poland
• "The Policeman of Europe" (Fr. le Gendarme d'Europe, It. il Gendarme d'Europa, Por. o Guarda da Europa, Sp. el Gendarme de Europa): Nicholas I of Russia
• "The Politic" (Sp. el Politico): Charles III of Spain
• "The Pomeranian" (Ger. der Pommerer):
  • Adolph V, Count of Holstein-Segeberg, 1273–1308
  • Eric XIII of Sweden
• "The Popish King": Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 36
• "The Popular" (Fr. le Populaire, It. il Popolare, Por. o Popular): Luis I of Portugal
• "The Populator": (Fr. le Laboureur, le Fondateur, le Colonisateur, le Populaire, Ger. der Besiedler, It. il Popolatore, Pol. Kolonizator, Repoblator, Por. o Povoador, Sp. el Repoblador): Sancho I of Portugal 37
• "The Poor": Radu II of Wallachia
• "The Poor Man's King": James V of Scotland
• "The Poorest Man in France": John II of Alençon 38
• "The Pope of the Huguenots": Philippe de Mornay 39
• "The Portuguese Cid": Nuno Álvares Pereira 40
• "The Portuguese Mars": Afonso de Albuquerque
• "The Portuguese Sun King" (Por. o Rei Sol Portugues): John V of Portugal
• "The Posthumous" (Fr. le Posthume, Hun. Pohrobek, Lat. Posthumus, Pol. Pogrobowiec):
  • Anselm of Schonborn (1727–1801)
  • Anthony II of Inhausen and Knyphausen
  • Ardolf I, Count of Guisnes (966–996)
  • Arthur I, Duke of Brittany
  • Emmanuel Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, 1671–1704
  • Frederick William II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • George Albert II of Erbach
  • Henry of Reuss-Schleiz (1572–1635)
  • James III of Cyprus
  • John I of France
  • Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary
  • Theobald I of Navarre
  • Wenceslas Adam of Silesia
  • Werner V of Zimmern (1290–1384)
  • William Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach
  • William George of Kirchberg
• "The Pot Belly": Alexander II, Prince of Suzdal, 1414–1417
• "The Powerful" (Fr. le Puissant):
  • Amaury III, Lord of Montfort (d.1090)41
  • Haakon, Regent of Norway, 975–995
  • Sigurd I, Earl of Orkney 42
• "The Practical": Albert V, Duke of Bavaria
• "The Premier Christian Baron": Mathieu III, Lord of Montmorency (d.1270)
• "The Pretty": Střezislava of Bohemia
• "The Pride of the Religion" (Tur. Fahreddin): Osman I 43
• "The Priest": Sverre of Norway
• "The Priest-Hater" (Fr. Ennemi des Pretres, Nor. Præsthatare, Proestehada): Eirik II of Norway
• "The Priests' King", "Parsons' King" (Ger. Pfaffenkoenig, Lat. Rex Clericorum):
  • Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 44
  • Heinrich Raspe 45
• "The Prince Chancellor": Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski 46
• "The Prince Consort": Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 47
• "The Prince Palatine": August Aleksander Czartoryski 48
• "The Prince of Alchemy": Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor
• "The Prince of Coxcombs: Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne 49
• "The Prince of Diplomats": Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord 50
• "The Prince of Freebies": Andrew, Duke of York 51
• "The Prince of Grapeshot" (Ger. Kartätschenprinz): William I, German Emperor
• "The Prince of Hypocrites": Tiberius 52
• "The Prince of Jazz" (Sp. el Principe de Jazz): Edward VIII of the United Kingdom 53
• "The "Prince of Maccaronies": George Villiers, 4th Earl of Jersey 54
• "The Prince of Sagres" (Sp. Infante]] de Sagres): Henry the Navigator
• "The Prince of Sodom": Henry III of France 55
• "The Princes in the Tower", "Lost Princes" (Sp. los Principes de la Torre, Nor. Pinsene i Tower, Swe. Prinsarna i Towern):
  • Edward V of England
  • Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York
• "The Princess Bride": Elisabeth of Bavaria
• "The Princess on the Run": Mary, Crown Princess of Denmark
• "The Princess of Ahlden": Sophia Dorothea of Celle
• "The Princely Chandos": James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos 56
• "The Prodigal": Albert VI, Duke of Austria (1418–1463)
• "The Profane Earl": John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester 57
• "The Protector":
  • Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
  • Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester
  • Richard III of England
  • William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke
• "The Protector of Religion" (Tur. Kheyr-ed-Din): Barbarossa (Ottoman admiral) 58
• "The Protestant Cardinal": Odet de Coligny 5960 61
• "The Protestant Duke": James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth 62
• "The Protestant Pope": Pope Clement XIV
• "The Proud" (Fr.le Fier, l'Orgueilleux, Ger. der Stolze, Rus. Gordiy):
  • Albert I, Margrave of Meissen
  • Gudrød the Hunter
  • Henry X, Duke of Bavaria
  • Leopold IV, Duke of Austria
  • Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
  • Shane O'Neill (1530–1567)
  • Sigrid the Haughty 63
  • Simeon of Russia
• "The Proud Duke" (Ger. der Stolze Herzog): Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset
• "The Proudest Man in Britain": Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton 64
• "The Prudent" (Fr. l'Avise, le Prudent, Sp. el Prudente):
  • Albert II of Austria
  • Ferdinand VI of Spain
  • Louis XI of France
  • Philip II of Spain
• "The Punk Princess": Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis 65 66 67
• "The Purple-Born", "Porphyrogenitus" (Cze. Porfyrogennetos, v Purpuru Zrozený, Ger. im Purpur Geboren, Gr. Porphyrogennetos, Lat. Porphyrogennetus, Por. Porfirogênito, o Nascido na Púrpura, Sp. Porfirogenito, Porfirogenita, Nacido en la Purpura):
  • Baldwin II of Constantinople
  • Constantine VII
  • Romanus II
  • Zoe (empress)
• "The Purse" (Fr. Bourse, Lat. Borsa): Roger Borsa

• "Pallodino", "Palloda": William, Margrave of Parodi (d.c1223)68
• "Papa Leone": Pope Leo X
• "Parapinaces", "Parapinakes" (Minus a Quarter, Quarter Short): Michael VII
• "Pasquill Cavaliero of England": Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford 69
• "Passerino": Rinaldo Bonacolsi, Lord of Mantua
• "Passerose": Cecilia of Baux (1227–1275), wife of Amadeus IV of Savoy
• "Pater atque Princeps" (Father and Prince): Augustus 70
• "Paterbernd": Bernhard I, Count of Bentheim, 1364–1421
• "Pater Noster": Wartislaw V, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast, (1326–1390)71
• "Pater Patriae": Cosimo de' Medici
• "Paunch-Shaker": Einar, a chieftain in North Norway
• "Pepe Botella" (Joe Bottle): Joseph Bonaparte 72
• "Phil the Greek": Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh 73
• "Philippe Égalité": Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
• "Phoebus" (Fr. Febus, Lat. Phoebus, Sp. Febo):
  • François Fébus
  • Gaston III of Foix-Béarn
• "Pierce Penniless": Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford 74
• "Pierre Molle": Harald III of Denmark
• "Pincerna" (Strong Hand): William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel 75
• "Pippin II": Pippin of Herstal
• "Pire de Rois": Sweyn II of Denmark
• "Plantagenet": Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
• "Pletenj": Ivan, Prince Shuyskiy (d.1559) 76
• "Plon-Plon": Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte 77
• "Ploughpenny" (Dan. Plovpenning, Fr. Dernier de Charrue, Ger. Pflugpfennig): Eric IV of Denmark
• "Pobozny": Henry II, Duke of Kraków
• "Poland's Darling" (Amor Poloniae): Nicholas III Radziwill, Prince of Goniadz and Medely
• "Poliere": Alard III of Chimay
• "Pons": Raymond III Pons of Toulouse
• "Poodle Byng": Frederick Gerald Byng 78
• "Poor Fred": Frederick, Prince of Wales 79
• "Pope Inclement the Worst" (Lat. Inclemente Pontifex Minimus): Pope Clement VII 80
• "Popolesco" ("Man of the People): Giuliano di Lorenzo de' Medici
• "Porcelos": Diego Rodriguez, Count of Castile, 873-885 81
• "Pozharskiy": Vasili of Starodub 82
• "Premier Manœuvrier de l'Europe": Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult
• "Preskasa": Olga of Kiev
• "Primak": Dmitri II, Prince of Rostov-Ustretensk, 1380–1389
• "Prince Collar and Cuffs": Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence 83
• "Prince Florizel": George IV of the United Kingdom
• "Prince Hal": Henry V of England
• "Prince Titi": Frederick, Prince of Wales
• "Prince of Peace" (Sp. Principe de la Paz): Manuel de Godoy
• "Princess Pushy": Princess Michael of Kent 84 85
• "Princess Sourpuss": Anne, Princess Royal 86
• "Princess TNT": Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis 87
• "Prinny": George IV of the United Kingdom 88
• "Prosperity Robinson": Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich 89
• "Proud Cis": Cecily Neville
• "Prudence": Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury
• "Prügelprinz" (The Prince who likes to hit others with large sticks): Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover
• "Psellos" (Lat. Psellus): Michael II
• "Pugovka": Ivan, Prince Shuyskiy (d.1638) 90
• "Pulechel": Gauthier I, Viscount of Tournai (1110-1147)91
• "Pusillus" (the Slender): Hermann I (count palatine)

Q

• "The Quarrelsome", "Wrangler"
• (Dut. de Strijdbare, Fr. le Belliqueux, le Hutin, le Querelleur, Ger. der Mutige, der Streitbare, der Zanker, It. il Litigioso, Sp. el Pendenciero, Swe. den Stribare):
  • Christian I, Count of Oldenburg, 1142–1167
  • Eberhard II, Count of Wurttemberg, 1344–1392
  • Ernest of Austria (Babenberg)
  • Frederick I, Count of Werl-Arnsberg, 1092–1124
  • Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
  • Frederick II of Austria
  • Frederick IV, Margrave of Meissen
  • Gerhard VI of Oldenburg
  • Henry II, Duke of Bavaria
  • Henry II, Duke of Carinthia
  • Louis X of France
  • Rainald I of Guelders (1255–1326)
  • Rupert III, Count of Nassau, 1160–1191
• "The Queen Mother", "the Queen Mum" (Dut. de Koning-Moeder, Fr. la Reine Mère, Ger. die Königinmutter, It. la Regina Madre, Lat. la Regina Mamma, Por. a Rainha Mãe, Sp. la Reina Madre, Swe. Drottningmoder):
  • Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 92
  • Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
• "The Queen of the Bees: Anne, Duchess of Maine 93
• "The Queen of Four Kingdoms" (Fr. la Reine des Quatre Royaumes): Yolande of Aragon 94
• "The Queen of Hearts" (Dut. Hartenkoningin, Fr. la Reine des Coeurs, Ger. Königin der Herzen, Sp. la Reina de Corazones):
  • Diana, Princess of Wales 95
  • Elizabeth of Bohemia 96 97
• "The Queen of the Northern Seas": Elizabeth I of England 98
• "The Queen of Peace": Elizabeth of Aragon 99
• "The Queen of People's Hearts": Diana, Princess of Wales
• "The Queen of Tears": Mary of Modena
• "The Queen's Earl": James FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond 100
• "The Quick" (Dathi): Feradach Dathí, High King of Ireland
• "The Quietest", "Most Quiet", "Most Peaceful" (Fr. le Tsar Très Paisible, Rus. Tishayshy): Alexis I of Russia 101
• "Quarrel": Richard I of Capua
• "Queen [...]": Richard Cromwell
• "Queen James": James I of England 102
• "Queen Margot" (Fr. la Reine Margot, It. Regina Margot): Margaret of Valois
• "Queen Mary": Henrietta Maria of France
• "Queen Sarah": Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
• "Queen of Tears": Mary of Modena

R

• "The Ragged" (Wel. Lledlwm): Gwrast Lledlwm, King of Rheged
• "The Rake of Rakes": Richard Barry, 7th Earl of Barrymore 103
• "The Rascal King (It. il Re Lazzarone): Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies 104
• "The Raven Feeder": Thorfinn Sigurdsson
• "The Reasonable": Gostomysl of Novgorod (8??–859)
• "The Rebel": Henry I of Austria
• "The Rebel Earl": Gerald FitzGerald, 15th Earl of Desmond 105
• "The Rebellious": Robert de Berkeley (1165–1220)
• "The Recluse of the Alps": Ludwig II of Bavaria 106
• "The Recluse of Hackington": Loretta de Braose, Countess of Leicester107 108
• "The Red", "Redhead", "Red-haired" (Arab. al-Ahmar, Cat. el Roig, Cze. Rysavy, Rudý, Gae. Goch, Ger. der Rote, Fr. le Rouge, le Rouquin, le Roux, It. il Rosso, Lat. Rufus, Lit. Radvila Rudasis, Nor. Raude, Pol. Rudy, Por. o Vermelho, Rus. Chermniy, Chermnyi, Sp. el Rojo, Swe. den Rode):
  • Alain I of Brittany (1040–1093)
  • Boleslav III of Bohemia
  • Conrad, Duke of Lorraine
  • Conrad III of Mazovia (1448–1503)
  • Erik the Red
  • Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy
  • Feodor, Prince of Smolensk (d.1299)
  • Fulk I of Anjou
  • Gerard I of Guelders
  • Gerard II of Guelders
  • Gerard III of Guelders
  • Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford 109
  • Gozmar III of Ziegenhain (1168–1184)
  • Guntrum, Count of Alsace, mid 10th century
  • Guy I of Montlhery (1042–1108), Lord of Rochefort 110
  • Haakon the Red
  • Henry II of Reuss-Ober-Greiz (1578–1616)
  • Henry XIV, Lord of Weida (d.1389)
  • Hugh of Burgundy (1123–1171), son of Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy
  • John I, Duke of Brittany
  • John "the Red" Comyn 111
  • Landulf II of Benevento
  • Michel Ney
  • Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł 112
  • Mohammed ibn Alhamar
  • Niall O'Neill, King of Ulster, 1230
  • Olaf Cuaran 113
  • Olav I, King of the Isle of Man, 1097–1153
  • Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor
  • Owain Goch ap Gruffydd
  • Rainald II of Guelders (1295–1343)
  • Richard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
  • Robert V, Lord of Bethune (1130–1191)
  • Roman, Prince of Tmuturakan, 1069–1079
  • Rupert I, Elector Palatine of the Rhine
  • Vsevolod IV of Kiev 114 115
  • Walram of Valkenburg
  • William II, Lord of Bethune (1160–1213)
  • William II of England
  • Yaroslav II, Prince of Pereyaslavl, 1187–1198
  • Yury of Moscow
  • Yury III, Grand Prince of Vladimir (d.1325)
• "The Redbeard" (Fr. Barberousse, Lat. Barbarossa, Pol. Rudobrody, Swe. Rodskagg):
  • Aruj
  • Barbarossa (Ottoman admiral)
  • Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
• "The Red Archduchess", "The Red Princess" : Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria 116 117
• "The Red Baron: Manfred von Richthofen 118 119
• "The Red Battle-Flier" (Ger. der Rote Kampfflieger): Manfred von Richthofen 120 121
• "The Red Count" (Fr. le Rouge Comte, It. Conte Russo): Amadeus VII of Savoy 122
• "The Red Devil": Manfred von Richthofen 123
• "The Red Duchess": Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, 20th Duchess of Medina Sidonia 124
• "The Red Earl":
  • Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford 125
  • John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer
• "The Red Earl of Ulster": Richard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
• "The Red Fox": Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor 126
• "The Red Hand" (Wel. Lawgôch):
  • Cathal O'Connor, King of Connacht
  • Owain ap Thomas, Prince of Gwynedd
• "The Red Infanta: Maria Adelaide of Bragança, daughter of Miguel II, Duke of Braganza 127
• "The Red King": Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden
• "The Red Knight": Manfred von Richthofen 128
• "The Red Lion" (Fr. le Lion Rouge): Michel Ney
• "The Red Piers", "Piers the Red" (Ir. Roe): Piers Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde 129
• "The Red Prince": Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia 130
• "The Red Queen": Elizabeth of Belgium 131
• "The Red Sun": Vladimir I of Kiev
• "The Reformer" (Fr. le Réformateur, Ger. der Reformator, It. il Riformatore, Pol. Reformatorem, Por. , o Reformador''):
  • Casimir I of Poland
  • Joseph I of Portugal
• "The Regent" (Fr. le Régent):
  • Contantine (1180–1263), Lord of Barbaron and Lampron
  • Oshin of Armenia (d.1329), Lord of Korykos, Regent of Armenia
  • Philip II, Duke of Orleans
  • Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany
• "The Reluctant": Theodosios III 132 133
• "The Renaissance King":
  • Francis I of France
  • James IV of Scotland
  • Matthias Corvinus of Hungary 134
• "The Renowned", "Famous" (Fr. le Renommé, Gae. Glodrydd, It. il Rinomato): Cyngen Glodrydd, King of Powis
• "The Representative (of) Men: Napoleon I of France
• "The Republican Queen": Sophia Charlotte of Hanover 135
• "The Resolute" (Fr. le Resolu, Ger. der Beherzte):
  • Albert, Duke of Saxony
  • Maurice de Berkeley, Lord of Berkeley (1218–1281) 136
  • Yaroslav of Tver
• "The Resourceful": Robert Guiscard 137
• "The Resplendent": George IV of Georgia
• "The Restless": Frederick IV of Brunswick
• "The Restored" (Fr. le Restauré): Vasilko, Prince of Polotsk, 1132–1146
• "The Restorer", "Restoring King" (Fr. le Restaurateur, Restauré, Geo. Aghmashenebeli, Ger. der Erneuerer, der Wiederhersteller, It. il Restauratore, Pol. Mnich, Odnowciel, Por. o Restaurador, Sp. el Reparador):
  • Casimir I of Poland
  • David II, King of Georgia, 1089–1125
  • Frederick I, Duke of Silesia
  • Garcia V of Navarre
  • John IV of Portugal
  • Sancho I of Pamplona
  • Vassilko, Prince of Polotsk, 1132–1146
• "The Restorer of French Liberty" (Fr. le Restaurateur de la Liberte Francaise): Louis XVI of France
• "The Restorer of the Homeland": Jean de Dunois 138
• "The Restorer of Letters" (Fr. le Restaurateur des Lettres, Por. o Restaurador das Letras): Francis I of France
• "The Revengeful" (Por. o Vingativo): Peter I of Portugal
• "The Rich" (Dut. de Rijke, Fr. le Riche, Ger. der Reiche, Sp. el Rico, la Rica):
  • Adalbero of Styria
  • Adalbert I, Margrave of Ivrea]], 902–923
  • Adalbert II of Tuscany 139
  • Albert III, Count of Habsburg (d.1199)
  • Ansaud I, Viscount of Auxerre
  • Bartholomew, Lord Badlesmere
  • Bezmer or Bayar, Prince of Bulgaria, 642–644
  • Canute the Great 140
  • Conrad, Margrave of Meissen
  • Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
  • Frederick IV of Austria
  • Geoffroi of Montmorency (d. after 1080)
  • George of Bavaria
  • Henry II of Reuss, Vogt of Weida and Gera (1164/65–1209)
  • Henry II, Count of Nassau, 1198–1249
  • Henry III, Landgrave of Hesse-Marburg, 1458–1483
  • Henry IV, Duke of Bavaria, 1393–1450
  • Henry IV of Reuss
  • Henry XVI of Bavaria
  • Jakob Fugger, Count of Kirchberg, 1507–1525 141
  • Kjotve the Rich
  • Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria
  • Mary of Burgundy
  • Otto of Ballenstadt, Duke of Saxony, 1111–1123
  • Otto II, Margrave of Meissen, 1156–1190
  • Otto II, Count of Zutphen, 1063–1113
  • Otto III of Weimar and Orlamunde (1100–1123)
  • Otto III, Count of Zutphen, 1101–1113
  • Otto VI, Count of Orlamunde (1271–1318)
  • Rollo of Normandy
  • Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley (1293–1361)
  • Torf de Harcourt, Lord of Turgueville 142
  • Ulrich, Count of Passau (d.1110)
  • Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
  • William of Marck
  • William I, Count of Namur, 1337–1391
  • William I of Nassau-Dillenburg
  • William I of Thuringia
• "The Rich Lady" (Sp. la Rica Hembra):
  • Eleanor of Alburquerque
  • Juana de Mendoza
  • Maria Lopez de Gurrea, Lady of Gurrea (1487–1550)
• "The Righteous", "Honorable" (Fr. le Juste, Ger. der Gerechte, Lat. Probus, Pol. Prawy):
  • Frederick IV, Elector Palatine
  • Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
  • Henry I, Vogt of Weida and Gera (1122–1193)
  • Henry IV Probus
• "The Riparian": Clovis, King of Cologne, (407–428)
• "The Robber": Edward IV of England 143
• "The Roebuck": Idwal Roebuck 144
• "The Roland" (Fr. le Roland): Boniface of Savoy
• "The Roland of the Army of Italy" (Fr. le Roland de l'Armée d'Italie): Jean Lannes
• "The Roman" (Ger. der Romer): Louis VI the Roman
• "The Roman-Killer", "Roman-Slayer" (Rōmaioktonos): Kaloyan of Bulgaria
• "The Roman Matriarch: Cecily Neville
• "The Romantic on the Throne": Ludwig II of Bavaria 145
• "The Rose of England", "England's Rose" (Dut. Roos van Engeland): Elizabeth of Bohemia
• "The Rose of Normandy" (Sp. la Rosa de Normandía): Emma of Normandy
• "The Rose of Raby": Cecily Neville 146
• "The Rose of Beauharnais" (Fr. Rose de Beauharnais): Josephine de Beauharnais
• "The Rose of the World": Rosamund Clifford
• "The Rose Without a Thorn (Sp. la Rosa Sin Espinas): Catherine Howard
• "The Rough" (Gae. Garm): William I of Scotland 147
• "The Royal Dolls" (See "The Dolls of the Blood)
• "The Royal Damsel": Louis VII of France 148
• "The Royal Oak": Augustus Fitzroy, 3rd Duke of Grafton 149
• "The Royal Tar": William IV of the United Kingdom
• "The Ruddy" (Fr. le Rougeaud, Ger. de Rossige, Sp. el Rubicundo):
  • Dietrich I, Count in Veluwe (d.1082)
  • Michel Ney
• "The Ruler", "The Leader" (Tur. Hudavendigar, Hunkar):
  • Mehmed II 150
  • Murad I 151
  • Murad II 152
  • Orhan I 153
• "The Rupert of Debate": Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby 154
• "The Russian" (Ger. der Reussian, Swe. Gardske):
  • Anund Gårdske
  • Henry III, Lord of Plauen 155
  • Yuri Bogolyubsky
• "The Russian Hannibal": Alexander Suvorov 156
• "The Ruthenian": Henry III, Lord of Plauen 157
• "Radical Jack": John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham 158
• "Ragno": Louis XI of France
• "Raised by Athelstan" (Adalsteinfostre): Haakon I of Norway
• "Raised by Tore" (Fr. Thoresfostre, Nor. Toresfostre): Haakon of Norway
• "Randy Andy": Prince Andrew, Duke of York 159 160 161
• "Rangabe", "Rhangabes": Michael I Rhangabes
• "Raspe": Heinrich Raspe
• "Rasura":
  • Nuño Nuñez of Castile (840–869) 162
  • Nuño Nuñez of León, Count of Amaya, c.954
• "Ratepilate": Bouchard Ratepilate, Count of Vendome
• "Ratipole", "Ratipol": Napoleon III of France 163
• "Raucus": Hugh III, Count of Dagsburg (45–986), Count in the Alsatian Nordgau, Count of Dagsburg
• "Raymondet": Raymond VII of Toulouse
• "Red": "Red" Hugh O'Donnell
• "Red Comyn": John "the Red" Comyn
• "Red Eva", "Roe Eva": Eva MacMurrough
• "Red Lips": Harald, King of Agder
• "Regency Remnant": Frederick Gerald Byng 164
• "Regina Elisabeta": Elisabeth of Wied 165
• "Resat", "Reşat", "Reşad", : Mehmed V
• "Rettilbeinn": Rognvald, King of Hadaland
• "Rhodri I": Rhodri Molwynog ap Idwal
• "Rhyming Rene": Rene I of Naples
• "Richard Yea and Nay" (Fr. Oc-e-Non): Richard I of England
• "Robert the Devil": Prince Rupert of the Rhine
• "Robin Bluestring": Robert Walpole 166
• "Roebuck" (Fr. le Cheuvreuil, It. il Cerbiatto, Wel. Iwrch): Idwal Roebuck
• "Rogatka": Boleslaus II, Duke of Silesia, 1242–1278
• "Roman Nose": Eochaid mac Domangairt 167
• "Rosselmann": Albert III of Hohenberg-Rottenburg (1265–1304)
• "Ruad": Conchobar O'Brien, King of Thomond
• "Rufo": Alberto IV, Margrave of Massa and Corsica (d.c1094) 168
• "Rumpold", "Rumpoldt":
  • Henry V, Duke of Silesia-Glogau, 1369–1395
  • Henry VII, Duke of Silesia-Glogau, 1397–1421
  • Henry VIII, Duke of Silesia (d.1423)
  • Henry X, Duke of Silesia
• "Rusé" (The Wily): Ferdinand II of Aragon
• "Rybenko": Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł
• "Rykkil": Ragnar, son of Harald I of Norway