Sebastian Openshaw ARA (14 March 1889 - 7 March 1919) was a British painter associated with briefly with Spencer Gore and the Camden Town Group. Openshaw was born in Rangoon before his family relocated to the newly founded Hertfordshire town of Letchworth in 1904. He was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School in Elstree, before going on to study painting at the Slade School of Fine Art. It was here that Openshaw was exposed to the work of Slade alumni Harold Gilman and Wyndham Lewis. 1n 1912 Openshaw became a friend of another ex-Slade student, Spencer Gore after meeting him at a private London showing of Post-Impressionist works arranged by critic Roger Fry.
During the summer of that year, the two artists worked together in Letchworth, at a house Gilman had specially commissioned but rarely used. Gore died of pneumonia the following year, prompting Openshaw to take a darker turn in his own work, following the angular art of Expressionist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Vorticism. On the outbreak of the First World War, having become disillusioned with art, Openshaw volunteered for the army but was turned down due to weaknesses caused by childhood polio - he was instead assigned to Wellington House as a propaganda artist. After the war Openshaw returned to Letchworth with the intention of opening a local gallery. This dream was never realised however, as he fell victim to the Spanish Flu pandemic in 1919. Several of his works with Gore have been preserved in Letchworth, and a street in the town is named after him.
During the summer of that year, the two artists worked together in Letchworth, at a house Gilman had specially commissioned but rarely used. Gore died of pneumonia the following year, prompting Openshaw to take a darker turn in his own work, following the angular art of Expressionist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Vorticism. On the outbreak of the First World War, having become disillusioned with art, Openshaw volunteered for the army but was turned down due to weaknesses caused by childhood polio - he was instead assigned to Wellington House as a propaganda artist. After the war Openshaw returned to Letchworth with the intention of opening a local gallery. This dream was never realised however, as he fell victim to the Spanish Flu pandemic in 1919. Several of his works with Gore have been preserved in Letchworth, and a street in the town is named after him.
The Letchworth Corset Riot was a short period of civil unrest in the North Hertfordshire town of Letchworth Garden City which took place in July, 1914. The riot was prompted by the opening of a corset factory, which had been built by Spirella in the centre of the town over the course of the previous four years.
Background
Letchworth Garden City had been founded in 1903 by town planner Ebenezer Howard and was intended as a "marriage" of town and country, complete with idyllic green spaces and arts & crafts architecture - the forerunner of modern suburbs. The experimental nature of the town attracted a wide variety of Edwardian free-thinkers and Bohemians, who engaged in what might now be considered new age activities such as dew-bathing and Theosophy. theory that only natural fibres from animals, namely wool, could promote health was also a popular belief amongst Letchworth's health-conscious residents. Many Letchworthians were also members of the British Rational Dress Society, which promoted clothing for women on the basis of its comfort and practicality rather than fashion. The Society were of the belief that corsets were highly detrimental to women's health, and were therefore staunchly opposed to them. Letchworth was one of the few places in England where women were relatively free in their choice of clothing - indeed, visitors frequently came up from London to marvel and poke fun at the people of the town.
Naturally, when William Wallace Kincaid's Spirella corset company commenced its initial manufacturing operation in Nevells Road, there were considerable objections from Letchworth's residents. Following the example of previous prominent figures in the Victorian dress reform movement such as Alice Bunker Stockham, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Amelia Bloomer, a number of community-minded Letchworth women set about organising a committee to make a petition and lobby the First Garden City Ltd. (owners of the Letchworth estate) to evict Spirella from the town indefinitely. Although this campaign rallied support for the cause from locals, it ended ultimately in failure in 1911, and the Spirella Building remained in the town. Resentment towards the company continued nevertheless.
The Riot
On Tuesday 30th June, 1914, Spirella's completed factory opened in Letchworth, to a mixed reception. Penelope Waldegrave-Houghton, daughter of local dignitary Sir Hugo Waldegrave-Houghton, succeeded in reassembling the rational dress committee and pooled resources with a number of other middle-class women to organise a protest, which was to take place on July 1st. A group of Pamphleteers were also organised to publicise the event. Word soon spread to London and the press, carried by travellers on the Great North Road in neighbouring Baldock.
On the day of the arranged protest, the turnout proved to be far larger than originally anticipated, with substantial contingents from both Cambridge and North London arriving by train throughout the day. Initially the protest was peaceful despite overcrowding and Letchworth's negligible police force, which consisted of only two constables. However, a more militant group of campaigners soon began causing problems, smashing the windows of local shops and attempting to break into the factory to dismantle the machines inside. By around 3 PM, the crowd's anger spilled over into a full-blown riot: women seen wearing corsets, along with their husbands, were set upon by the rioters, several Baleen processing machines were badly damaged, looting began in earnest and the house of the factory's manager on Wilbury Road was set alight. The then Home Secretary Reginald McKenna received notification of the riots and by the evening had despatched a division of the Metropolitan Police to deal with the situation which had escalated to a point where it could no longer be controlled by the local authorities.
Aftermath
By the following morning the rioters had largely dispersed with some suffering minor injuries, although a hard core of protestors, made up of the Bohemian residents of an in nearby Norton, barricaded themselves inside the Mrs Howard Memorial Hall. The ringleaders of the protest were rounded up and arrested, but after being released in 1916, Waldegrave-Houghton went on to become a moderately successful suffragette.. Spirella's reputation remained intact despite the disturbances as a concerted effort was made on the part of the company to hush up the entire incident, with some success.
Background
Letchworth Garden City had been founded in 1903 by town planner Ebenezer Howard and was intended as a "marriage" of town and country, complete with idyllic green spaces and arts & crafts architecture - the forerunner of modern suburbs. The experimental nature of the town attracted a wide variety of Edwardian free-thinkers and Bohemians, who engaged in what might now be considered new age activities such as dew-bathing and Theosophy. theory that only natural fibres from animals, namely wool, could promote health was also a popular belief amongst Letchworth's health-conscious residents. Many Letchworthians were also members of the British Rational Dress Society, which promoted clothing for women on the basis of its comfort and practicality rather than fashion. The Society were of the belief that corsets were highly detrimental to women's health, and were therefore staunchly opposed to them. Letchworth was one of the few places in England where women were relatively free in their choice of clothing - indeed, visitors frequently came up from London to marvel and poke fun at the people of the town.
Naturally, when William Wallace Kincaid's Spirella corset company commenced its initial manufacturing operation in Nevells Road, there were considerable objections from Letchworth's residents. Following the example of previous prominent figures in the Victorian dress reform movement such as Alice Bunker Stockham, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Amelia Bloomer, a number of community-minded Letchworth women set about organising a committee to make a petition and lobby the First Garden City Ltd. (owners of the Letchworth estate) to evict Spirella from the town indefinitely. Although this campaign rallied support for the cause from locals, it ended ultimately in failure in 1911, and the Spirella Building remained in the town. Resentment towards the company continued nevertheless.
The Riot
On Tuesday 30th June, 1914, Spirella's completed factory opened in Letchworth, to a mixed reception. Penelope Waldegrave-Houghton, daughter of local dignitary Sir Hugo Waldegrave-Houghton, succeeded in reassembling the rational dress committee and pooled resources with a number of other middle-class women to organise a protest, which was to take place on July 1st. A group of Pamphleteers were also organised to publicise the event. Word soon spread to London and the press, carried by travellers on the Great North Road in neighbouring Baldock.
On the day of the arranged protest, the turnout proved to be far larger than originally anticipated, with substantial contingents from both Cambridge and North London arriving by train throughout the day. Initially the protest was peaceful despite overcrowding and Letchworth's negligible police force, which consisted of only two constables. However, a more militant group of campaigners soon began causing problems, smashing the windows of local shops and attempting to break into the factory to dismantle the machines inside. By around 3 PM, the crowd's anger spilled over into a full-blown riot: women seen wearing corsets, along with their husbands, were set upon by the rioters, several Baleen processing machines were badly damaged, looting began in earnest and the house of the factory's manager on Wilbury Road was set alight. The then Home Secretary Reginald McKenna received notification of the riots and by the evening had despatched a division of the Metropolitan Police to deal with the situation which had escalated to a point where it could no longer be controlled by the local authorities.
Aftermath
By the following morning the rioters had largely dispersed with some suffering minor injuries, although a hard core of protestors, made up of the Bohemian residents of an in nearby Norton, barricaded themselves inside the Mrs Howard Memorial Hall. The ringleaders of the protest were rounded up and arrested, but after being released in 1916, Waldegrave-Houghton went on to become a moderately successful suffragette.. Spirella's reputation remained intact despite the disturbances as a concerted effort was made on the part of the company to hush up the entire incident, with some success.
The Jetty Journals is a post-apocalyptic horror novel for young adults by Ian Buchanan, independently published on May 14, 2009. Although the novel never uses the term "zombie" or "undead," it is both in spirit and substance, a "zombie novel."
Plot summary
A virus, possibly developed for military use, was accidentally released in the United States. Authorities failed to contain the spread of infection in due time. Soon the virus reached Australian shores, infecting both human and canine population, turning every one into a diseased, mindless flesh munching creature.
Four ordinary teenagers (not one of them even old enough to have a driver’s license) who recently recovered from a chicken pox infection were immune to the virus. Chased by diseased “ferals” almost every step of the way, they sought refuge along the Mornington Peninsula, exploring and salvaging what they can from ghost towns and abandoned resorts. Equipped with nothing more than a rifle, a tomahawk, a wooden pole, a rolling pin, and tactics learned from video strategy games, they battle the feral hordes to win back their neck of the woods.
Narrative Device/Style
The novel is a first-person narrative from the point of view of one of the female characters, Karen, a 17 year old teenager, who fled the City of Melbourne after being ordered to by her sick father. The novel vaguely suggests that it was written perhaps one year after the virus first appeared in Australia.
Similarities to zombies in 28 days Later
The "ferals" in Buchanan's The Jetty Journals is very much similar to the zombies in Alex Garland's 28 days later. Both Buchanan's "ferals" and Garland's zombies are not truly dead, but humans who became insane savage creatures, who would tear apart any living being within their grasp, and are capable of infecting victims who survive the attack.
The author mentions in his website that the novel was an homage to "Day of the Triffids" and "28 days later."
Plot summary
A virus, possibly developed for military use, was accidentally released in the United States. Authorities failed to contain the spread of infection in due time. Soon the virus reached Australian shores, infecting both human and canine population, turning every one into a diseased, mindless flesh munching creature.
Four ordinary teenagers (not one of them even old enough to have a driver’s license) who recently recovered from a chicken pox infection were immune to the virus. Chased by diseased “ferals” almost every step of the way, they sought refuge along the Mornington Peninsula, exploring and salvaging what they can from ghost towns and abandoned resorts. Equipped with nothing more than a rifle, a tomahawk, a wooden pole, a rolling pin, and tactics learned from video strategy games, they battle the feral hordes to win back their neck of the woods.
Narrative Device/Style
The novel is a first-person narrative from the point of view of one of the female characters, Karen, a 17 year old teenager, who fled the City of Melbourne after being ordered to by her sick father. The novel vaguely suggests that it was written perhaps one year after the virus first appeared in Australia.
Similarities to zombies in 28 days Later
The "ferals" in Buchanan's The Jetty Journals is very much similar to the zombies in Alex Garland's 28 days later. Both Buchanan's "ferals" and Garland's zombies are not truly dead, but humans who became insane savage creatures, who would tear apart any living being within their grasp, and are capable of infecting victims who survive the attack.
The author mentions in his website that the novel was an homage to "Day of the Triffids" and "28 days later."
The Usborne Book of Dinosaurs is a book made in 1996.
Prehistoric animals seen in the book
* Eusthenopteron
* Ichthyostega
* Euparkeria
* Coelophysis
* Plateosaurus
* Heterodontosaurus
* Diplodocus
* Ultrasaurus
* Brachiosaurus
* Supersaurus
* Seismosaurus
* Tyrannosaurus Rex
* Spinosaurus
* Deinonychus
* Compsognathus
* Struthiomimus
* Lesothosaurus
* Hypsilophodon
* Euoplocephalus
* Scelidosaurus
* Polacanthus
* Triceratops
* Protoceratops
* Chasmosaurus
* Styracosaurus
* Centrosaurus
* Torosaurus
* Stegosaurus
* Kentrosaurus
* Parasaurolophus
* Corythosaurus
* Lambeosaurus
* Kritosaurus
* Edmontosaurus
* Saurolophus
* Pachycephalosaurus
* Stegoceras
* Maiasaura
* Ichthyosaurs
* Plesiosaurs
* Pliosaurs
* Ammonite
* Pteranodon
* Rhamphorhynchus
* Archaeopteryx
* Smilodon
* Megazostrodon
* Woolly Mammoth
Table of Contents
* Before the Dinosaurs
* The First Dinosaurs
* Dinosaur Giants
* Big Hunters
* Fast and Fierce
* Runaway Dinosaurs
* Dinosaur Armour
* Horned Dinosaurs
* Stegosaurs
* Hadrosaurs
* Bone-Headed Dinosaurs
* Baby Dinosaurs
* In the Sea
* In the Air
* After the Dinosaurs
* Index
Prehistoric animals seen in the book
* Eusthenopteron
* Ichthyostega
* Euparkeria
* Coelophysis
* Plateosaurus
* Heterodontosaurus
* Diplodocus
* Ultrasaurus
* Brachiosaurus
* Supersaurus
* Seismosaurus
* Tyrannosaurus Rex
* Spinosaurus
* Deinonychus
* Compsognathus
* Struthiomimus
* Lesothosaurus
* Hypsilophodon
* Euoplocephalus
* Scelidosaurus
* Polacanthus
* Triceratops
* Protoceratops
* Chasmosaurus
* Styracosaurus
* Centrosaurus
* Torosaurus
* Stegosaurus
* Kentrosaurus
* Parasaurolophus
* Corythosaurus
* Lambeosaurus
* Kritosaurus
* Edmontosaurus
* Saurolophus
* Pachycephalosaurus
* Stegoceras
* Maiasaura
* Ichthyosaurs
* Plesiosaurs
* Pliosaurs
* Ammonite
* Pteranodon
* Rhamphorhynchus
* Archaeopteryx
* Smilodon
* Megazostrodon
* Woolly Mammoth
Table of Contents
* Before the Dinosaurs
* The First Dinosaurs
* Dinosaur Giants
* Big Hunters
* Fast and Fierce
* Runaway Dinosaurs
* Dinosaur Armour
* Horned Dinosaurs
* Stegosaurs
* Hadrosaurs
* Bone-Headed Dinosaurs
* Baby Dinosaurs
* In the Sea
* In the Air
* After the Dinosaurs
* Index