There are no records of names used by the Romano-British for their roads, if they used names at all. The few surviving Roman maps and documents, such as the Antonine Itinerary only distinguish roads by the towns which they served. Many Roman roads in England were renamed by the Anglo-Saxons, although many more fell out of use and largely disappeared, now seen only in lines of trees, crop marks or parish boundaries. These lost roads are now identified by numbers, some with added letters, given to them by I D Margary.
Roads ending in 'gate'
Roman roads used by the Saxons and hence renamed, in Old English, with the suffix 'geat' or 'gate' (for example, Batham Gate, Stanegate).
Roads ending in 'street'
In the Anglo-Saxon era, stræt (hence the modern word "street") simply meant a paved road (Latin: "via strata") as opposed to a native dirt track, and did not have the modern association with populated areas. It was therefore appended to many old Roman roads that remained in use in the Saxon and subsequent eras. The word stone or stane also occurs frequently so that there are two Stane Streets and two Stone Streets. There is also a Street Lane in Leeds.
Roads ending in 'way'
*Fosse Way, stretching from Exeter (Isca Dumnoniorum) to Lincoln, Lincolnshire (Lindum Colonia), via Ilchester (Lindinis), Bath, Somerset (Aquae Sulis), Cirencester(Corinium) and Leicester (Ratae Corieltauvorum).
Roads starting with ‘dyke’
*Ackling Dyke, from Old Sarum (Sorviodunum) Badbury Rings (Vindocladia).
Roads ending in 'road'
*Cade's Road, from Brough-on-Humber (Petuaria) to Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (Pons Aelius). It is named after John Cade from Durham who first postulated its antiquity.
* Pye Road, from Camulodunum (Colchester) to Venta Icenorum (Caistor St Edmund, near Norwich).
Roads ending in 'gate'
Roman roads used by the Saxons and hence renamed, in Old English, with the suffix 'geat' or 'gate' (for example, Batham Gate, Stanegate).
Roads ending in 'street'
In the Anglo-Saxon era, stræt (hence the modern word "street") simply meant a paved road (Latin: "via strata") as opposed to a native dirt track, and did not have the modern association with populated areas. It was therefore appended to many old Roman roads that remained in use in the Saxon and subsequent eras. The word stone or stane also occurs frequently so that there are two Stane Streets and two Stone Streets. There is also a Street Lane in Leeds.
Roads ending in 'way'
*Fosse Way, stretching from Exeter (Isca Dumnoniorum) to Lincoln, Lincolnshire (Lindum Colonia), via Ilchester (Lindinis), Bath, Somerset (Aquae Sulis), Cirencester(Corinium) and Leicester (Ratae Corieltauvorum).
Roads starting with ‘dyke’
*Ackling Dyke, from Old Sarum (Sorviodunum) Badbury Rings (Vindocladia).
Roads ending in 'road'
*Cade's Road, from Brough-on-Humber (Petuaria) to Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (Pons Aelius). It is named after John Cade from Durham who first postulated its antiquity.
* Pye Road, from Camulodunum (Colchester) to Venta Icenorum (Caistor St Edmund, near Norwich).
FAME ze GREAT is a novel authored by Alexander Solomon in 2010. It tells the story of a emotionally eroded soldier fighting against and alien that caused atrocities and carnage to the planet.
PLOT SUMMARY
Under depression, Lieutenant Zachary Elliott the squad leader to a top secret elite force called *F-A-M-E* had harbored an intent to save his soldiers whom he believed to have survived an extraterrestrial attack while they were on the Nigerian Operation Threadstar.
Aware that Mio Guerrillas were not their only enemy, the US Military had engaged the services of Harvard University professors whom called upon a Master Hypnotist to confront the alien.
BASIC INFORMATION
Release Date: November 2011
ISBN-13: 978-1477610701 (CreateSpace-Assigned) ISBN-10: 1477610707
BISAC: Fiction / Action & Adventure
Details: 5" x 8" (12.7 x 20.32 cm) Black & White on Cream paper 280 pages
Publisher: Alexander Solomon
PLOT SUMMARY
Under depression, Lieutenant Zachary Elliott the squad leader to a top secret elite force called *F-A-M-E* had harbored an intent to save his soldiers whom he believed to have survived an extraterrestrial attack while they were on the Nigerian Operation Threadstar.
Aware that Mio Guerrillas were not their only enemy, the US Military had engaged the services of Harvard University professors whom called upon a Master Hypnotist to confront the alien.
BASIC INFORMATION
Release Date: November 2011
ISBN-13: 978-1477610701 (CreateSpace-Assigned) ISBN-10: 1477610707
BISAC: Fiction / Action & Adventure
Details: 5" x 8" (12.7 x 20.32 cm) Black & White on Cream paper 280 pages
Publisher: Alexander Solomon
The Conoco Stadium was the project name for the proposed new football stadium for Grimsby Town Football Club, with no current dates scheduled for work beginning or being completed. Following Grimsby Town's relegation from the Football League in 2010, the idea now appears to be dead in the water.
Proposed plans
Located on the outskirts of Great Coates to the west of Grimsby, close to the A180 dual carriageway, the all-seater stadium will be fully enclosed (no open corners) and will hold a capacity of 21,100, but with 12,000 seats as an initial phase. In addition to the stadium the plans include a retail park to help finance the project. Surrounding the stadium will be a 1,300-space car park, 700-space park and ride facility and new training pitches for both GTFC and community use.
Sponsor
On 12 April 2002, Grimsby Town Football Club issued a joint statement revealing the then Conoco-owned Humber Refinery at South Killingholme as the sponsor of the new stadium with the main stand becoming the Jet Family Stand.
There has been no comment or re-enforcement of the previously agreed sponsorship deal by the company, which since a merger in 2002, is now known as ConocoPhillips.
UEFA-sanctioned
Should the final planning permission be granted the new stadium will be eligible to host UEFA-sanctioned matches including the England Under 21s fixtures. Part of the design specification is that the stadium meets UEFA standards and hence qualifies the facility to be used as a venue for international matches.
Outline planning permission granted
Following a lengthy consultation period, North East Lincolnshire Council voted, on 25 January 2007, in favour of outline planning permission for the stadium.
All conditions approved
The final condition of GTFC's planning permission for a new stadium at Great Coates has now been approved by North East Lincolnshire Council. The results of extensive survey work means there must be an agreed management policy for nearly of extra land if the stadium is to be realised.
On 19 September 2007, at Grimsby Town Hall, a vote of eight-to-two saw the planning committee agree with the council officers' suggestion for co-operation between Natural England, the local authority and GTFC. There is no insistence that Grimsby Town actually buys the land - a step which could make the scheme financially prohibitive. There is, however, the option for the authority to investigate making a compulsory purchase order should there be complications.
On 31 October 2007, the Grimsby Telegraph reported that the stadium project was not to be called in for scrutiny by the Government. The club and developers could now enter into serious commercial negotiations with potential retailers.
Setback
On 30 September 2010, after many months without any news about the stadium plan, GTFC Chairman John Fenty announced at the club's annual general meeting that the planning permission at the clubs planned location in Great Coates expires on 14 November and that the club will not renew this. The club are still planning to relocate, however new locations for the ground are now to be looked at.
Proposed plans
Located on the outskirts of Great Coates to the west of Grimsby, close to the A180 dual carriageway, the all-seater stadium will be fully enclosed (no open corners) and will hold a capacity of 21,100, but with 12,000 seats as an initial phase. In addition to the stadium the plans include a retail park to help finance the project. Surrounding the stadium will be a 1,300-space car park, 700-space park and ride facility and new training pitches for both GTFC and community use.
Sponsor
On 12 April 2002, Grimsby Town Football Club issued a joint statement revealing the then Conoco-owned Humber Refinery at South Killingholme as the sponsor of the new stadium with the main stand becoming the Jet Family Stand.
There has been no comment or re-enforcement of the previously agreed sponsorship deal by the company, which since a merger in 2002, is now known as ConocoPhillips.
UEFA-sanctioned
Should the final planning permission be granted the new stadium will be eligible to host UEFA-sanctioned matches including the England Under 21s fixtures. Part of the design specification is that the stadium meets UEFA standards and hence qualifies the facility to be used as a venue for international matches.
Outline planning permission granted
Following a lengthy consultation period, North East Lincolnshire Council voted, on 25 January 2007, in favour of outline planning permission for the stadium.
All conditions approved
The final condition of GTFC's planning permission for a new stadium at Great Coates has now been approved by North East Lincolnshire Council. The results of extensive survey work means there must be an agreed management policy for nearly of extra land if the stadium is to be realised.
On 19 September 2007, at Grimsby Town Hall, a vote of eight-to-two saw the planning committee agree with the council officers' suggestion for co-operation between Natural England, the local authority and GTFC. There is no insistence that Grimsby Town actually buys the land - a step which could make the scheme financially prohibitive. There is, however, the option for the authority to investigate making a compulsory purchase order should there be complications.
On 31 October 2007, the Grimsby Telegraph reported that the stadium project was not to be called in for scrutiny by the Government. The club and developers could now enter into serious commercial negotiations with potential retailers.
Setback
On 30 September 2010, after many months without any news about the stadium plan, GTFC Chairman John Fenty announced at the club's annual general meeting that the planning permission at the clubs planned location in Great Coates expires on 14 November and that the club will not renew this. The club are still planning to relocate, however new locations for the ground are now to be looked at.
The Phi Society is a social, secret, Greek-letter fraternity located at the University of Virginia. Another similarly named organization, the Phi Society of 1883 exists at The University of the South. Although both organizations were created by former members of Phi Delta Theta, the Phi Society and the Phi Society of 1883 are unrelated.
History
The Phi Society traces its roots to the Virginia Beta chapter of the Phi Delta Theta Fraternity which was founded at the University of Virginia on November 18, 1873.
The chapter lasted at the University for some 127 years when a dispute between the members and the fraternity headquarters in Oxford, Ohio caused the organizations to part ways. Phi Delta Theta initiated a dry-housing initiative and gave every chapter 2 years to implement the new policy. The alumni of the Virginia Beta chapter subsequently rejected the initiative. Following further disputes, the Virginia Beta chapter was asked to adhere to the dry-housing policy immediately. When it refused to comply, its charter was revoked. The chapter and its alumni voted to proceed without the headquarters and renamed itself Phi Delta Alpha, and later, Phi Society. It remains thus to this day.
Another chapter of Phi Delta Theta at Sewanee, The University of the South, also separated, calling themselves the Phi Society of 1883. The reference to 1883 points to the year in which the chapter was founded. Although Virginia’s chapter was founded just 10 years before and the names of the two organizations are similar, there currently is no tie between the groups.
Governance
The alumni of the Phi Society own the property and chapter house, located at One University Circle, Charlottesville, Virginia. The chapter is an active participant of the University’s Inter-Fraternity Council and intramural activities.
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The Chapter House
Awards
At the conclusion of each academic year, the following awards are given to selected members of the fraternity:
The Record - The Record is the Phi Society's oldest and most prestigious award. It is given at the conclusion of each academic year to the "Best Phi," or rather, the brother who has given the most lasting contribution to the fraternity during his time at the University. Awardees' names are included on a plaque at the chapter house.
The Virginia Beta Award for Excellence - This awardee is selected by members of the fraternity's alumni board of trustees to the undergraduate brother who has demonstrated the most lasting contribution to the fraternity in the eyes of the alumni. Awardees' names are included on a plaque at the chapter house and the winner receives an engraved tankard.
Maupin Pence Memorial Award - This award is given to the undergraduate brother who has achieved academic excellence while an undergraduate member. The award is named in honor of Maupin Pence who was a long time chapter advisor to the Fraternity in the 1950s and 1960s. Significance is placed on the amount of time the student has given back to the fraternity in addition to his studies. Awardees names are engraved on a plaque at the chapter house.
Joseph C. Tunner '63 Memorial Award - The Tunner is given for athletic achievement. It is named in honor of Joseph Tunner who died in an automobile accident while a student. Qualification for the award varies by year depending on the activities of the winner. Sometime it is given for significant varsity athletic ability. More often is it given to the brother who participates in a combination of varsity, club, or intramural sports and also organizes the fraternity's intramural sports teams. Winners' names are included on a plaque in the chapter house.
Jeffrey Rockwell Cudlip '90 Memorial Award - This award is given to the member of the brotherhood from the most recent pledge class who contributed the most to the fraternity as a pledge. Jeff Cudlip died soon after graduation from the University and the award is given in his memory. Jeff was an outgoing and social student who loved the University and his fraternity. A semi-formal event at the chapter house takes place every Spring, where Jeff's father, Charles T. "Chick" Cudlip '63, presents a medal to the winner. A number of Jeff's family members and friends usually attend this event. Additionally, a member of the University President's office reads a letter from the President congratulating the winner. The winner's name is engraved on a plaque in the chapter house.
Peter A. Stoudt '75 Alumni Award - This is the only award given to alumni of the fraternity. One alumnus is chosen by the board of trustees who has demonstrated particular accomplishments in his life. It is named in honor of Peter Stoudt '75 who served as the fraternity's House Corporation President for a number of years and provided wonderful leadership during that time. It is given out once every 5 years at a party in which alumni and undergraduates attend at the Boar's Head Inn in Charlottesville. The next party, the 140th Anniversary of the Fraternity will take place in September 2013.
Horny Korny ("HK") Award - This is light-hearted award which is given to a member of the fraternity who, despite his best efforts, is not successful with dating. The member and his nickname are emblazened on the underside of a special table which the member keeps in his room for the next year. Additionally, the award is memorialized with a mounted pair of large moose antlers in permanent display in the chapter house. The HK was first given to George Murray in 1956 and has been awarded every year since.
History
The Phi Society traces its roots to the Virginia Beta chapter of the Phi Delta Theta Fraternity which was founded at the University of Virginia on November 18, 1873.
The chapter lasted at the University for some 127 years when a dispute between the members and the fraternity headquarters in Oxford, Ohio caused the organizations to part ways. Phi Delta Theta initiated a dry-housing initiative and gave every chapter 2 years to implement the new policy. The alumni of the Virginia Beta chapter subsequently rejected the initiative. Following further disputes, the Virginia Beta chapter was asked to adhere to the dry-housing policy immediately. When it refused to comply, its charter was revoked. The chapter and its alumni voted to proceed without the headquarters and renamed itself Phi Delta Alpha, and later, Phi Society. It remains thus to this day.
Another chapter of Phi Delta Theta at Sewanee, The University of the South, also separated, calling themselves the Phi Society of 1883. The reference to 1883 points to the year in which the chapter was founded. Although Virginia’s chapter was founded just 10 years before and the names of the two organizations are similar, there currently is no tie between the groups.
Governance
The alumni of the Phi Society own the property and chapter house, located at One University Circle, Charlottesville, Virginia. The chapter is an active participant of the University’s Inter-Fraternity Council and intramural activities.
250px
The Chapter House
Awards
At the conclusion of each academic year, the following awards are given to selected members of the fraternity:
The Record - The Record is the Phi Society's oldest and most prestigious award. It is given at the conclusion of each academic year to the "Best Phi," or rather, the brother who has given the most lasting contribution to the fraternity during his time at the University. Awardees' names are included on a plaque at the chapter house.
The Virginia Beta Award for Excellence - This awardee is selected by members of the fraternity's alumni board of trustees to the undergraduate brother who has demonstrated the most lasting contribution to the fraternity in the eyes of the alumni. Awardees' names are included on a plaque at the chapter house and the winner receives an engraved tankard.
Maupin Pence Memorial Award - This award is given to the undergraduate brother who has achieved academic excellence while an undergraduate member. The award is named in honor of Maupin Pence who was a long time chapter advisor to the Fraternity in the 1950s and 1960s. Significance is placed on the amount of time the student has given back to the fraternity in addition to his studies. Awardees names are engraved on a plaque at the chapter house.
Joseph C. Tunner '63 Memorial Award - The Tunner is given for athletic achievement. It is named in honor of Joseph Tunner who died in an automobile accident while a student. Qualification for the award varies by year depending on the activities of the winner. Sometime it is given for significant varsity athletic ability. More often is it given to the brother who participates in a combination of varsity, club, or intramural sports and also organizes the fraternity's intramural sports teams. Winners' names are included on a plaque in the chapter house.
Jeffrey Rockwell Cudlip '90 Memorial Award - This award is given to the member of the brotherhood from the most recent pledge class who contributed the most to the fraternity as a pledge. Jeff Cudlip died soon after graduation from the University and the award is given in his memory. Jeff was an outgoing and social student who loved the University and his fraternity. A semi-formal event at the chapter house takes place every Spring, where Jeff's father, Charles T. "Chick" Cudlip '63, presents a medal to the winner. A number of Jeff's family members and friends usually attend this event. Additionally, a member of the University President's office reads a letter from the President congratulating the winner. The winner's name is engraved on a plaque in the chapter house.
Peter A. Stoudt '75 Alumni Award - This is the only award given to alumni of the fraternity. One alumnus is chosen by the board of trustees who has demonstrated particular accomplishments in his life. It is named in honor of Peter Stoudt '75 who served as the fraternity's House Corporation President for a number of years and provided wonderful leadership during that time. It is given out once every 5 years at a party in which alumni and undergraduates attend at the Boar's Head Inn in Charlottesville. The next party, the 140th Anniversary of the Fraternity will take place in September 2013.
Horny Korny ("HK") Award - This is light-hearted award which is given to a member of the fraternity who, despite his best efforts, is not successful with dating. The member and his nickname are emblazened on the underside of a special table which the member keeps in his room for the next year. Additionally, the award is memorialized with a mounted pair of large moose antlers in permanent display in the chapter house. The HK was first given to George Murray in 1956 and has been awarded every year since.