World government in science fiction

In both science fiction and utopian/dystopian fiction, authors have made frequent use of the age-old idea of a global state and, accordingly, of world government.

In tune with Immanuel Kant's vision of a world state based on the voluntary political union of all countries of this planet in order to avoid colonialism and in particular any future war ("Idee zu einer allgemeinen Geschichte in weltbürgerlicher Absicht", 1784; "Zum ewigen Frieden", 1795), some of these scenarios depict an egalitarian and environmentally sustainable world supervised (rather than controlled) by a benevolent (and usually democratic) world government. Others, however, describe the effects of a totalitarian regime which, after having seized power in one country, annexes the rest of the world in order to dominate and oppress all humankind.

One major influence was Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward. The best-known advocate of world government was H. G. Wells. He describes such a system in The Shape of Things to Come, Men Like Gods and The World Set Free.

Some writers have also parodied the idea: E. M. Forster's The Machine Stops (1909) and Aldous Huxley's 1932 novel Brave New World. Wells himself wrote The Sleeper Awakes, an early vision of a dystopian world.

World government themes in science fiction are particularly prominent in the years following World War II, coincident with the involvement of many scientists in the actual political movement for world government in response to the perceived dangers of nuclear holocaust. Prominent examples from the Cold War era include Childhood's End (1953), Starship Troopers (1959), Star Trek (from 1966) and the Doctor Who story The Enemy of the World (1968). Later references to a unified world government also appear however in post-Cold War science fiction television series such as Babylon 5.

The concept also appears frequently in science fiction anime, whether in the form of a strengthened United Nations or an entirely new organizations with world presidential election. Examples of anime with this premise are Macross (adapted in America as the first part of Robotech) and Gundam.

Examples of world governmental organizations in fiction and popular culture

• Three rival world governments are featured in the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty Four by George Orwell.
• Global Defence Initiative (powerful military branch of the UN in the Command & Conquer series of video games).
• The Confederation in Peter F Hamilton's Night's Dawn Trilogy (or more specifically GovCentral and most planetary governments, some even stretch across multiple systems).
• The Imperium in Warhammer 40000 is a large sprawling empire spanning many planets.
• The United Earth Government (the root of the United Nations Space Command) in Halo is an interplanetary government.
• The United Earth Federation in Supreme Commander is a Martial Government that rules all of Earth and several other planets in the galaxy.
• The United States of Earth is the fictional world government in the animated science-fiction comedy series Futurama. It is also supported by D.O.O.P., an interplanetary equivalent to the United Nations.
• The United Earth Directorate from the Starcraft series is a government controlling Earth. Meanwhile, the Terran Confederacy and later the Terran Dominion control a number of the other planets that humans inhabit.
• World Government (One Piece)
• In Eoin Colfer's The Supernaturalist, it is stated that all international boundaries were erased in a "one world" act.

President of Earth

Is a fictional concept or character who is the ruler of the planet earth. Examples include: President Thawne (grandfather of Bart Allen) the DC comic character who made his first appearance in Impulse #25, May 1997, A poem "The President of Earth" by Author David Kennedy (b1959) in a book with the same title, An occupation in many Star Trek story lines including Star Trek VI - The Undiscovered Country and even a fictional character in a fictional universe in The Adventures of Captain Proton holoprogram on USS Voyager's holodeck

In the 31st century the position of President of the earth in Futurama is held by Richard Nixon's Head. In Scorpius (Doctor Who audio) "the president of Earth must think the unthinkable..." In Babylon 5: In the Beginning the president of Earth orders all available ships to form a line around the planet in a vain attempt to stave off the final Minbari obliteration of the human race. This, the Battle of the Line, is the final battle of the war. Jacques Foccart The second Invisible Kid went on to serve as President of Earth in DC Comics.

See also

• World government
• Democratic World Federalists is a San-Francisco-based civil society organization with supporters worldwide, advocates a democratic federal system of world government.