Ingeniux Content Management System (CMS)
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Ingeniux CMS is a commercial Web content management system (CMS) developed and distributed by the Ingeniux Corporation. Ingeniux CMS is notable because it was one of the original software products based entirely on Extensible Markup Language (XML). It is a content management solution that is used mostly in higher education and business. The SIIA (Software and Information Industry Association) named Ingeniux CMS one of the Top Five CMS solutions in 2005 and 2006 in their annual software CODiE Awards.
Product Origins
Ingeniux Corporation was founded in 1999 by a team of Microsoft employees who worked on the launch and operations for MSNBC, the Microsoft and NBC venture to produce news distributed over the World Wide Web. The IDeaS behind Ingeniux CMS were discovered while evaluating an emerging technology called eXtensible Mark Up Language XML. Although relatively unproven at the time, XML was viewed as a "Holy Grail" for solving a wide range of web publishing and data management problems. XML is an outgrowth of SGML, a proven publishing format for structured documents. For the MSNBC team XML had the promise to solve the scalability, content reuse and syndication needs required to support the demanding web publishing requirements for MSNBC. However, In 1999 Microsoft was not in the practice of supporting 'rogue' open standards like XML. Without support at Microsoft key members of the product team left MSNBC and founded Ingeniux.
Ingeniux Today
The current version 5 architecture of Ingeniux CMS has stayed close to its roots as an end-to-end XML solution. The system features an XML file format to structure and store documents, XPath for searching and querying content, XSLT for templating and transforming content, and XSL-FO for print output of content.
Because of its reliance on open standards and the products inherent ability to manage content for multiple audiences Ingeniux CMS has become the leading CMS solution for higher education institutions, where it is used at over 100 colleges and universities. Ingeniux CMS is also used by commercial enterprises, government, broadcasting and news outlets, and financial institutions.
XML and Structured Content Solutions
The difference between Ingeniux CMS and traditional content management solutions is its focus on using the structure of content as a management layer for storing and delivering content. The vast majority of CMS products use a relational database to store content and then assemble it through a templating layer. Most typically commercial CMS applications use ASP and MS SQL or are based on Cold Fusion.
The Ingeniux approach was to use the structure of the XML documents to manage the content, advancing the idea that the narrative structure of most Web content did not fit the model of a relational database. Web content like press releases or articles are more semantic then relational. A database is really designed to manage columnar and statistical data - not narrative text and images. Ingeniux idea was to let the actual structure or schema of the document serve as the data management and storage layer.
Structured content and XML are foundation of the Ingeniux solution. In Ingeniux CMS the structure of the XML documents contains data (content) and metadata, the information AbOUT the information. In Ingeniux CMS the XML documents live in an indexed repository that is closer to a flat file system then a database. Because the content in it is self-described it can be managed and searched based on its elements or tags. In an Ingeniux XML document the XML elements define what a headline or an abstract are in a document. With this knowledge the content May Be programmatically assembled in multiple contexts, supporting the ability to reuse content across a myriad of pages, Web sites and software systems.
The XML file approach is very different then traditional content management systems. First generation content management systems often take a Desktop Publishing view of authoring content. These systems provide very graphical WYSIWYG views of pages that allow content to be edited In-Context. The problem with this approach is that it really reflects an antiquated process for print documents where there is a 1-1 relationship between the content and the document. In most Web sites content is reused on multiple pages. A headline maybe displayed on a cover or home page, a section front may feature an abstract of an article and a thumbnail image. The detail page includes the entire article. The gateway page links to the article.
Ingeniux and other structured content systems use a "Write Once Publish Many" approach to publishing that allows all of the content to be edited in a form and then deployed to multiple pages. Rather than the desktop publishing approach where the content is locked into single page view, structured content is able to be reused across multiple pages, reducing the amount of work required to update and manage web sites and other online publications.
Criticisms
The Ingeniux Administrative client uses an ActiveX plugin, which only works with Internet Explorer 6 or 7.