84th United States Congress - Membership Changes
[[Image:USCapitol1956.jpg|thumb|right|275px|[[United States Capitol]] (1956)]]
{{TOCright}}
The '''Eighty-fourth United States Congress''' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the [[United States]] federal government, comprised of the [[United States Senate]] and the [[United States House of Representatives]]. It met in [[Washington, DC]] from [[January 3]] [[1955]] to [[January 3]] [[1957]], during the last two years of the first administration of [[President of the United States |U.S. President]] [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]].
The apportionment of seats in this [[United States House of Representatives |House of Representatives]] was based on the [[United States Census, 1950 |Seventeeth Census of the United States in 1950]]. Both chambers had a [[Democratic Party (United States) |Democratic]] majority.
:''Main article: [[84th United States Congress]]''
:''See also: [[84th United States Congress - Political Parties]]''
:''See also: [[84th United States Congress - state delegations]]''
:''See also: [[United States House election, 1954]]''
==Dates of sessions==
[[January 3]] [[1955]] - [[January 3]] [[1957]]
*First session: [[January 5]] [[1955]] - [[August 2]] [[1955]]
*Second session: [[January 3]] [[1956]] - [[July 27]] [[1956]]
Previous congress: [[83rd United States Congress |''83rd Congress'']]<br>
Next congress: [[85th United States Congress |''85th Congress'']]
==Party changes==
=== Senate ===
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="bottom"
! colspan=4 rowspan=2 | Affiliation
! colspan=3 | Members
|-
| class=small align="center" | opening
| class=small align="center" | net changes
| class=small align="center" | adjournment
|-
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}}
| colspan=4| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align="center" | 47
| align="center" | +1
| align="center" | 48
|-
|-{{Party shading/Republican}}
| colspan=4| [[Republican Party (United States)| Republican]]
| align="center" | 47
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 47
|-
|-{{Party shading/Independent}}
| colspan=4| [[Independent (politics)|Independent]]
| align="center" | 2
| align="center" | -1
| align="center" | 1
|-
! colspan=4 align=center | Total
| align="center" | 96
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 96
|}
===House of Representatives===
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="bottom"
! colspan=4 rowspan=2 | Affiliation
! colspan=3 | Members
|-
| class=small align="center" | opening
| class=small align="center" | net changes
| class=small align="center" | adjournment
|-
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}}
| colspan=4| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align="center" | 232
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 232
|-
|-{{Party shading/Republican}}
| colspan=4| [[Republican Party (United States)| Republican]]
| align="center" | 203
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 203
|-
|-{{Party shading/Independent}}
| colspan=4| [[Independent (politics)|Independent]]
| align="center" | 0
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 0
|-
! colspan=4 align=center | Total
| align="center" | 435
| align="center" |
| align="center" | 435
|}
==Changes in membership==
===Senate===
*replacements: 3
** [[Democratic Party (United States) |Democrats '' (Dem.) '']]: 1 net gain
** [[Democratic Party (United States) |Independent Democrats '' (Ind. Dem.) '']]: 1 net loss
** [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans '' (Rep.) '']]: no net change
*deaths: 2
*resignations: 1
*interim appointments: 3
*'''Total seats with changes: 3'''
===Senate===
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2"
|- bgcolor="#cccccc" align="center" valign="bottom"
! State
! colspan=2 | Outgoing Senator
! width=45% | Reason for Change
! colspan=2 | Successor
! width=15% | Date
|-
! [[Kentucky]]<br>class 2
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Alben W. Barkley]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Senator [[Alben W. Barkley]] died [[April 30]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Robert Humphreys]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| appointed<br> [[June 21]] [[1956]].
|-
! [[South Carolina]]<br>class 2
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Strom Thurmond|James Strom Thurmond]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Ind. Dem.]]''
| Resignation.<br>Senator [[Strom Thurmond|James Strom Thurmond]] resigned [[April 4]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Thomas A. Wofford]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| appointed<br> [[April 5]] [[1956]].
|-
! [[West Virginia]]<br>class 1
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Harley M. Kilgore]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Senator [[Harley M. Kilgore]] died [[February 28]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[William R. Laird, III]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem..]]''
| appointed<br> [[March 13]] [[1956]].
|}
===House of Representatives===
*replacements: 5
** [[Democratic Party (United States) |Democrats '' (Dem.) '']]: no net change
** [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans '' (Rep.) '']]: no net change
*deaths: 9
*resignations: 3
*'''Total seats with changes: 12'''
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2"
|- bgcolor="#cccccc" align="center" valign="bottom"
! State
! colspan=2 | Outgoing Representative
! width=45% | Reason for Change
! colspan=2 | Successor
! width=15% | Date
|-
! {{ushr|California|20|California<br>20th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Republican}}|
| [[John Carl Hinshaw|J. Carl Hinshaw]]<br>''[[Republican Party (United States)|Rep.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[John Carl Hinshaw|J. Carl Hinshaw]] died [[August 5]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|Florida|6|Florida<br>6th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Dwight L. Rogers]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[Dwight L. Rogers]] died [[December 1]] [[1954]], in the preceding Congress.
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Paul Rogers (politician)|Paul G. Rogers]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| seated<br> [[January 13]] [[1955]].
|-
! {{ushr|Illinois|14|Illinois<br>14th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Republican}}|
| [[Chauncey W. Reed]]<br>''[[Republican Party (United States)|Rep.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[Chauncey W. Reed]] died [[February 9]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|Michigan|15|Michigan<br>15th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[John D. Dingell, Sr.]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[John D. Dingell, Sr.]] died [[September 19]] [[1955]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[John Dingell|John D. Dingell, Jr.]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| seated<br> [[January 3]] [[1956]].
|-
! {{ushr|New Jersey|2|New Jersey<br>2nd}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Republican}}|
| [[T. Millet Hand]]<br>''[[Republican Party (United States)|Rep.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[T. Millet Hand]] died [[December 26]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|New Mexico|2|New Mexico<br>2nd ''at-large''}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Antonio M. Fernández]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[Antonio M. Fernández]] died [[November 7]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|New York|18|New York<br>18th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Arthur George Klein|Arthur G. Klein]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Resignation.<br>Representative [[Arthur George Klein|Arthur G. Klein]] resigned [[December 31]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|New York|19|New York<br>19th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Irwin D. Davidson]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem..]]''
| Resignation.<br>Representative [[Irwin D. Davidson]] resigned [[December 31]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|New York|22|New York<br>22nd}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Sidney A. Fine]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Resignation.<br>Representative [[Sidney A. Fine]] resigned [[January 2]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[James C. Healey]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| seated<br> [[February 20]] [[1956]].
|-
! {{ushr|Pennsylvania|2|Pennsylvania<br>2nd}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[William T. Granahan]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[William T. Granahan]] died [[May 25]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Kathryn E. Granahan]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| not seated in this Congress
|-
! {{ushr|Pennsylvania|30|Pennsylvania<br>30th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Vera Buchanan|Vera D. Buchanan]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[Vera Buchanan|Vera D. Buchanan]] died [[November 26]] [[1955]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Elmer J. Holland]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| seated<br> [[February 8]] [[1956]].
|-
! {{ushr|Tennessee|5|Tennessee<br>5th}}
| {{American politics/party colours/Democratic}}|
| [[Percy Priest|J. Percy Priest]]<br>''[[Democratic Party (United States)|Dem.]]''
| Death.<br>Representative [[Percy Priest|J. Percy Priest]] died [[October 12]] [[1956]].
| {{American politics/party colours/Independent}}|
| vacant
| not filled in this Congress
|}
==References==
*{{cite book |title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress |last = Martis |first = Kenneth C. |authorlink = |coauthors = |year = 1989 |publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company |location = New York |id =}}
*{{cite book |title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts |last = Martis |first = Kenneth C. |authorlink = |coauthors = |year = 1982 |publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company |location = New York |id =}}
==External links==
*Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html]
*U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [http://clerk.house.gov/histHigh/Congressional_History/index.html]
*U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm]
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[[Category: United States Congresses - membership changes |084]]