16/1-L

'''Chak No.16/1-L''' is a [[village]] situated some 4 kilometres left from [[Renala Khurd]] in [[Okara District]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]].
A road passes nearby the village and links it to [[Depalpur]], [[Pakpattan]] and [[Renala Khurd]].
the village was established after the construction of Lower Bari Doab Canal. It consists of {{convert|1100|acre|km2}}.

==Religion==
[[Islam]] and [[Christianity]] are major [[religion]]s of the inhabitants of the village.

==Castes of the inhabitants==
*[[Syed]]
*[[Rao]]
*[[Rajput]] and [[Ranghar]]
*[[Dogar]]
*[[Jat]]
*[[Mughal]]
*[[Gujjar]]
*[[Arain]]

==Languages==
[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Haryanavi]], Ranghari and [[Urdu]] are basic languages of the people. Now, new generation is also well conversant with [[English language|English]].

==[[Crop]]s==
The land is very fertile and rich in production of various crops such as[[wheat]], [[sugarcane]], [[cotton]], and [[vegetables]], but unfortunately the underground water is heavy which is not useful for cultivation. People often keep [[Water Buffalo|buffalo]]es, [[cow]]s, [[sheep]], [[goats]], [[hen]]s, and [[duck]]s for milk, meat and eggs.

==Historical aspect of the village==
There are many 100 years old buildings in the village like Gurdwara and Havellies, which have not had proper care. The village has two wells in East and West for drinking water. There are the remains of an ancient garden in the village which has many unique and unknown species of trees.

==Cultural heritage==
Although it is a small village, but it is close to nature and conferred with affluent cultural heritage of affectionate and helpful community. In spite of a number of problems faced by the villagers, regarding security and civic services, people facilitate each other in all happenings/ events of life. One can say that whole of the inhabitants’ lives like an extended family, sharing joys and griefs of life mutually.

==Food habits==
Meals of the inhabitants are great in taste and rich with energy for example Aaloo Gosht[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=113], Aaloo Keema[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=112], Aaloo Methi[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=3], Aaloo Palak[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=34], Bariyan[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=116], Bengan ka Bhurta, Besan ki Roti[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=118], Bhindi - Fried[http://www.desicookbook.com/recipe.aspx?Recipe=120], Bhindi Gosht, Chanay Ki Dal Gosht, Chicken Curry, Daal Maash, Dal Moong-Phareri, Dal Palak, Ghiya Gosht, Gobhi Gosht, Karhi, Keema, Khichra, Khichri-Dal Moong, Khicry-Dal Chana, Koftay, Lobia Keema, Matar Keema, Mixed Vegetables, Murgh Cholay, Paey, Palak Gosht, Pulao-Chana, Pulao-Matar, Salan-Sabzi Gosht, Salan-Sada ([[Mutton Curry]]), Salan-Shaljam Gosht, Salan-Shaljam Gosht Bhunawa, Salan-Tinday Gosht, Dal- Chawal. Maze, [[sunflower]], [[bean]]s, [[pea]]s, [[tomato]]es, [[Lime (fruit)|lime]], [[potato]]es, [[onion]]s, [[garlic]], [[ginger]], [[wheat]], [[rice]], [[meat]], poultry products, [[fish]], vegetables, herbs and dairy products are often used in cooking. At the celebrations sweet dishes are especially cooked. No junk food concept is present in the village. No burger, pizza or fried chicken etc available nor inhabitants like this type of junk food. People like to cook and eat at home. Fish, meat and [[chicken]] are considered to be healthy foods and often used in the cooking of feasts. For the [[feast]] of [[marriage]] chicken, mutton, beaf, rice and sweet dishes are arranged.

==Professions==
*[[Farming]]
*[[Cattle]] [[farming]]
*[[Fish farming]]
*[[Poultry]] [[farm]]s
*[[Cobbler]]
*[[Goldsmith]]
*[[Blacksmith]]
*[[Carpenter]]
*[[Watchman]]
*[[Marrassi]]
*[[Mashaki]]

==Calendar==
Three calendars are often used by the villagers. Old age people are well conversant with Islamic calendar & Bikrami calendar. But the most commonly used calendar, now-a-days, is Christian calendar which is also known as Gregorian calendar. Almost all the Festivals, falling in these calendars, are observed with enthusiasm.

==Celebrations, ceremonies, customs , rites & rituals==
*Shab-i-Miraj
*[[Shab E Baraat]]
*[[Ramzan (Ramadan)]]
*[[Laylat al-Qadr]]
*[[Eid ul-Fitr]]
*[[Eid ul-Adha]]
*[[Eid Milad an Nabi]]
*[[Easter]]
*[[Good Friday]]
*[[Christmas]]
*[[Birth]]
*[[Name]] giving [[Ceremony]]
*[[weddindg]]
*[[Death]]
*[[Cultivation]]
*[[Harvesting]]
*[[Bisakhi]]
*[[Mela]] ([[urs]])

==Prominent places==
*Eid Gah (a place for prayers of two Islamic festivals i.e. [[Eid-ul-Fitr]] and Eid-al-Adha
*Three [[Mosque]]s
*School (Boys Primary School established in 1927)
*[[Protestant Church]]
*Two old wells
*Two Old [[Graveyard]]s
*An old [[Garden]]
*More than Hundred years old Havallies

==Educational institutions==
One [[Government]] [[Primary]] (up to 5th class) School for boys, established in 1924, having proper building, exists in village,but still not upgraded
One Government Middle (up to 8th class) School for girls, having proper building, exists in village.
For further or proper education [[student]]s go to Renala Khurd for High School and college education.
One religious [[Madrasa]] namely Jamia Ishaqia is also established in year2000

==Health facilities==
There is a rural health dispensary for the provisions of health facilities to the villagers.

==Sports==
People of village love to play [[hockey]], [[cricket]], [[football]], [[gilli-danda]], vanjo ([[kho kho]]) and [[kabaddi]]. Cricket and football tournaments arranged every year in the village. Besides this people keep [[pigeon]]s and [[tournament]] of pigeons flying are also held between different villages in the months of May & June.

==Seasons==
This ancient simple chak is gifted with five colorful seasons full of colors of life and nature. Spring falls in November and spreads its beauty till mid-April, then starts summer, which brings appetizing fruits and continues till June. [[Monsoon]] season brings blossoming during July and August. Then autumn falls, which sneaks through September and brings change of colors. After autumn, striking winter comes with lengthy nights of storytelling, folk-songs, raaganees, gossip and fun. Delicious dry fruit adds more taste to these proceedings. In short, nature extends its full colors at this piece of land all over the year.

==Animals==
There are different animals which can be found in the chak. Farmers often keep [[horse]]s, [[donkey]]s, [[dog]]s, [[Water Buffalo|buffalo]]s, [[cow]]s, [[bull]]s,[[goat]]s and [[sheep]]. But certain wild animals can also be found in the crops fields and ponds e.g. [[pig]]s, [[jackal]]s, [[rat]]s, [[rabbit]]s, [[frog]]s, [[fish]], [[turtle]]s, [[snake]]s and other [[reptile]]s.

==Birds==
A variety of birds can be found in the chak. Farmers often keep [[hen]]s, [[duck]]s,[[pigeon]]s and other birds. There can also be found [[house sparrow]]s, [[parrot]]s, [[owl]]s, [[crow]]s, [[dove]]s, [[seagull]]s, different kind of [[sparrow]]s and [[water bird]]s.

==Nearby cities and towns/villages==
* 10/1-L
*11/1-L
* 15/1-L
* 18/1-L
* 21/2-L
* Ajit Sir

==Eminent personalities==
{|-class="wikitable"
|-
Mr.Muhammad Iftikhar Rao (Director MAA School System)
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Mr. Nishan Ali Khan (Late) (Social Personality)
|-
|Mr. Subedar Fateh Muhammad Khan (Late) (Retired Army Officer & Freedom Fighter)
|-
|Kanwar Shah Muhammad Khan (Veteran politician/Social Personality)
|-
|[[Rao]] Shabir Ahmad Khan (Senior vice President [[Habib Bank]]
|-
|[[Rao]] Muhammad Qadeer Khan (Veteran politician/Social Personality)
|-
|[[Rao]] Zaigham Mujtaba (Nazim Union Council No.38)
|-
|Najam-us-Saqib Shabir Tamigh-e-imtiaz (Civil)(Senior Joint Director [[State Bank of Pakistan]], Karachi)
|-
|Rao Muhammad Iqbal Shaheed (Martyred for the defense of motherland in the war of September 1971)
|-
|[[Rao]] Muhammad Afzal Khan (Attorney at Law/Government Officer) (Serving With Consumer Protection Headquarters of Government of the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]). [http://pcpc.punjab.gov.pk/] [http://www.punjablaws.gov.pk/laws/477.html]
|-
|Dr.Faheem Anwar, (MBBS, FCPS Serving in [[Jinah Hospital]], [[Lahore]])

|}Rao Jang sher (B.Sc. Civil Engg -M.Sc. Civil Engg)Professional Engineer.
Ex-Sub Divisional Officer Communication and Works Department,Punjab-(Ex)Assistant Proferror UET Lahore

Rao Muhammad Wakeel (B.sc. Metallurgical Engg.) Government Officer

Muhammad Sabir (B.Sc. Civil Engg -M.Sc. Civil Engg)Professional Engineer.
DEN Pakistan Railways (ex)-Professional Enginner.

Muhammad Azhar (B.sc Mchanical Engg) Professional Enginner

Muhammad Mazhar (B.Sc. Electrical Engg) Professional Engineer

Dr.M Anwar Khan late(A well known social person And ex nazim)

Ghayour ul Hassan Rao(Pakistan Atomic Energy Commession)

==Reference for map, weather and airports==
http://www.fallingrain.com/world/PK/4/Chak_SixteenOne_L.html

[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Okara District]]