The Reformation Study Bible is a series of study Bibles published and distributed by Ligonier Ministries. The most recent version to have been published is the English Standard Version. As with its predecessors, the RSB (ESV) remains under the supervision of R. C. Sproul, its general editor.
Apparatus
The main features of the RSB include:
*Thousands of comprehensive study notes interpreting passages, verses, and specific words.
*Introductions to the seven groups of Biblical books, an introduction to the intertestamental period, and book introductions and outlines which explain the background, structure, and intent of the Scriptural text.
*Sixty-one in-text maps.
*Forty-seven charts to enhance reading.
*A center-column cross-reference system from the English Revised Version (RV).
*A concordance to the ESV.
History
Four years after the Pennsylvania-based Ligonier Valley Study Center moved to Orlando, Florida, its founder and chairman R. C. Sproul met a group of publishers in 1988 who proposed the making of a study Bible in the tradition of the Geneva Bible. As Sproul himself noted during an advertisement for the RSB: "Several years ago, I had some publishers approach me with an idea that I thought was fantastic. They said there's so many study Bibles available in the book stores, but there's none out there that present the understanding of the Scriptures from the viewpoint and perspective of the historic Protestant Reformation." Enthusiastically, Sproul consented to being general editor of the work and was entrusted with assembling a team of contributors and editors to execute this project.
The study Bible's division of labor was as follows: when the contributors of the Old and New Testaments wrote the annotations, outlines, and introductions for the several books of the Bible, these annotations were in turn submitted to the editorial staff and finally to Sproul for editing and revision. Then, the contributors would adjust to the revisions, a practice which demonstrated not only the cooperation between the two parties, but also the oversight of Sproul.
Originally, the team anticipated that the NIV translation was to be the Bible text for the NGSB, but were forced to switch to the New King James Version in 1992 due to problems with the initial publisher Hyatt and Wolgemuth . Once under contract with Thomas Nelson Publishers, the venture was then detained for three more years conforming the annotations to the NKJV. In 1995, the New Geneva Study Bible was delivered to the publisher. The New Geneva Study Bible was later renamed The Reformation Study Bible in 1998, both of which used the New King James Version in their text.
Seven years later, Ligonier Ministries sought to produce, publish, and distribute a study Bible utilizing the only Bible translation yet to be published in the "Study Bible" format, the English Standard Version or ESV. Sproul has stated, "I believe that this is the most important projects that I have ever been engaged in or involved with in my entire life."
Editors
R.C. Sproul, Drs., Ph.D. as general editor (Ligonier Ministries); Keith A. Mathison, Ph.D. as associate editor (Ligonier Ministries).
Other associate editers are J. I. Packer, Roger Nicole, Bruce Waltke, James Boice (deceased), and Edmund Clowney (deceased).
Old Testament Contributors
Carl E. Armerding, Ph.D. (Schloss Mittersill Study Centre); Raymond Dillard, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); William Dumbrell, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); Mark Futato, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Graeme Goldsworthy, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); J. Alan Groves, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); R. Laird Harris, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Kenneth J. Howell, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); M. M. Kline, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Gary Knoppers, Ph.D. (Penn State University); Donald Leggett, Ph.D. (Ontario Theological Seminary); V. Philips Long, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Tremper Longman III, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); J. Gordon McConville, Ph.D. (Wycliffe Hall, Oxford); Allan A. MacRae, Ph.D. (Biblical Theological Seminary); Jeffrey Niehaus, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Dirk H. Odendaal, Ph.D. (University of Stellenbosch); Raymond C. Ortlund, Jr., Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); Gary Pratico, Th.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Richard L. Pratt, Jr., Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Elmer Smick, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Marion Ann Taylor, Ph.D. (Wycliffe College); Willem A. Van Gemeren, Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); J. Robert Vannoy, Th.D. (Biblical Theological Seminary); Bruce Waltke, Th.D., Ph.D. (Regent College); Barry Webb, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); Gordon Wenham, Ph.D. (Cheltenham and Gloucester College of Higher Education); John Woodhouse, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College).
New Testament Contributors
Knox Chamblin, Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Karl J. Cooper, Th.M. (Providence, RI); Sinclair B. Ferguson, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); T. David Gordon, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Wayne Grudem, Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); Charles Hill, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Kenneth J. Howell, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Dennis Ireland, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Dennis Johnson, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Peter Jones, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Reggie M. Kidd, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Simon J. Kistemaker, Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); W. Harold Mare, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Dan McCartney, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); Leon Morris, Ph.D. (Ridley College); Vern S. Poythress, D.Th. (Westminster Theological Seminary); Moises Silva, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); R. C. Sproul, Drs. (Ligonier Ministries); Frank Thielman, Ph.D. (Beeson Divinity School); Joseph Trafton, Ph.D. (Western Kentucky University).
Apparatus
The main features of the RSB include:
*Thousands of comprehensive study notes interpreting passages, verses, and specific words.
*Introductions to the seven groups of Biblical books, an introduction to the intertestamental period, and book introductions and outlines which explain the background, structure, and intent of the Scriptural text.
*Sixty-one in-text maps.
*Forty-seven charts to enhance reading.
*A center-column cross-reference system from the English Revised Version (RV).
*A concordance to the ESV.
History
Four years after the Pennsylvania-based Ligonier Valley Study Center moved to Orlando, Florida, its founder and chairman R. C. Sproul met a group of publishers in 1988 who proposed the making of a study Bible in the tradition of the Geneva Bible. As Sproul himself noted during an advertisement for the RSB: "Several years ago, I had some publishers approach me with an idea that I thought was fantastic. They said there's so many study Bibles available in the book stores, but there's none out there that present the understanding of the Scriptures from the viewpoint and perspective of the historic Protestant Reformation." Enthusiastically, Sproul consented to being general editor of the work and was entrusted with assembling a team of contributors and editors to execute this project.
The study Bible's division of labor was as follows: when the contributors of the Old and New Testaments wrote the annotations, outlines, and introductions for the several books of the Bible, these annotations were in turn submitted to the editorial staff and finally to Sproul for editing and revision. Then, the contributors would adjust to the revisions, a practice which demonstrated not only the cooperation between the two parties, but also the oversight of Sproul.
Originally, the team anticipated that the NIV translation was to be the Bible text for the NGSB, but were forced to switch to the New King James Version in 1992 due to problems with the initial publisher Hyatt and Wolgemuth . Once under contract with Thomas Nelson Publishers, the venture was then detained for three more years conforming the annotations to the NKJV. In 1995, the New Geneva Study Bible was delivered to the publisher. The New Geneva Study Bible was later renamed The Reformation Study Bible in 1998, both of which used the New King James Version in their text.
Seven years later, Ligonier Ministries sought to produce, publish, and distribute a study Bible utilizing the only Bible translation yet to be published in the "Study Bible" format, the English Standard Version or ESV. Sproul has stated, "I believe that this is the most important projects that I have ever been engaged in or involved with in my entire life."
Editors
R.C. Sproul, Drs., Ph.D. as general editor (Ligonier Ministries); Keith A. Mathison, Ph.D. as associate editor (Ligonier Ministries).
Other associate editers are J. I. Packer, Roger Nicole, Bruce Waltke, James Boice (deceased), and Edmund Clowney (deceased).
Old Testament Contributors
Carl E. Armerding, Ph.D. (Schloss Mittersill Study Centre); Raymond Dillard, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); William Dumbrell, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); Mark Futato, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Graeme Goldsworthy, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); J. Alan Groves, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); R. Laird Harris, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Kenneth J. Howell, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); M. M. Kline, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Gary Knoppers, Ph.D. (Penn State University); Donald Leggett, Ph.D. (Ontario Theological Seminary); V. Philips Long, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Tremper Longman III, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); J. Gordon McConville, Ph.D. (Wycliffe Hall, Oxford); Allan A. MacRae, Ph.D. (Biblical Theological Seminary); Jeffrey Niehaus, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Dirk H. Odendaal, Ph.D. (University of Stellenbosch); Raymond C. Ortlund, Jr., Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); Gary Pratico, Th.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Richard L. Pratt, Jr., Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Elmer Smick, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Marion Ann Taylor, Ph.D. (Wycliffe College); Willem A. Van Gemeren, Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); J. Robert Vannoy, Th.D. (Biblical Theological Seminary); Bruce Waltke, Th.D., Ph.D. (Regent College); Barry Webb, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College); Gordon Wenham, Ph.D. (Cheltenham and Gloucester College of Higher Education); John Woodhouse, Ph.D. (Moore Theological College).
New Testament Contributors
Knox Chamblin, Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Karl J. Cooper, Th.M. (Providence, RI); Sinclair B. Ferguson, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); T. David Gordon, Ph.D. (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary); Wayne Grudem, Ph.D. (Trinity Evangelical Divinity School); Charles Hill, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Kenneth J. Howell, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Dennis Ireland, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Dennis Johnson, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Peter Jones, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary in California); Reggie M. Kidd, Ph.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); Simon J. Kistemaker, Th.D. (Reformed Theological Seminary); W. Harold Mare, Ph.D. (Covenant Theological Seminary); Dan McCartney, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); Leon Morris, Ph.D. (Ridley College); Vern S. Poythress, D.Th. (Westminster Theological Seminary); Moises Silva, Ph.D. (Westminster Theological Seminary); R. C. Sproul, Drs. (Ligonier Ministries); Frank Thielman, Ph.D. (Beeson Divinity School); Joseph Trafton, Ph.D. (Western Kentucky University).
Hit Ball
is a Piedmontese team game played with a ball
History
Created in Piedmont in 1986 by Luigi Gigante and a number of physical education teachers.
It has drought a bit of success in all the state and abroad, especially in Spain.
In 1992 a teacher created the "F.I.H.B" Italian federation hit ball (Italian:Federazione itailiana hit ball) and in the same year the first Italian championship took place which now embraces 40 teams, divided in four leagues: A1;A2;B1;B2.
the first champions were the players of "Piccolo Club" while the actual owners of the title are the Sunknights a club based in Turin.
Rules
The teams are composed of 5 people:3 goalies who have to defend the goal,which is 10 meters wide and 2.20 meters tall, and 2 players in the attack zone. It is played in a Plexiglas "box" that is 20 meters long and 10 meters wide, with a line down the middle constricting the players location to their own field.The ball has to be in constant movement so no one can catch or hold it.The ball can bounce off any location of the playing field, but can only be hit by the players upper body and cannot be touched by the player more than two times consecutively. Hit ball games are composed of 3 thirds of game, each containing 15 minutes in which the teams have 5 seconds at a time to construct an offensive and shoot.
external links
*
*
is a Piedmontese team game played with a ball
History
Created in Piedmont in 1986 by Luigi Gigante and a number of physical education teachers.
It has drought a bit of success in all the state and abroad, especially in Spain.
In 1992 a teacher created the "F.I.H.B" Italian federation hit ball (Italian:Federazione itailiana hit ball) and in the same year the first Italian championship took place which now embraces 40 teams, divided in four leagues: A1;A2;B1;B2.
the first champions were the players of "Piccolo Club" while the actual owners of the title are the Sunknights a club based in Turin.
Rules
The teams are composed of 5 people:3 goalies who have to defend the goal,which is 10 meters wide and 2.20 meters tall, and 2 players in the attack zone. It is played in a Plexiglas "box" that is 20 meters long and 10 meters wide, with a line down the middle constricting the players location to their own field.The ball has to be in constant movement so no one can catch or hold it.The ball can bounce off any location of the playing field, but can only be hit by the players upper body and cannot be touched by the player more than two times consecutively. Hit ball games are composed of 3 thirds of game, each containing 15 minutes in which the teams have 5 seconds at a time to construct an offensive and shoot.
external links
*
*
Ohio Wesleyan University emphasizes faculty teaching and independent undergraduate research in its curriculum. Ohio Wesleyan’s record of producing graduates who earn a PhD degree place it among the top 30 schools among all baccalaureate colleges between 1920-1995. The roots of this record march back to as early as the late 1890s when the college's curriculum underwent significant changes. The Survey of Earned Doctorates, an annual study co-sponsored by the National Science Foundation reveals not only the percent of Ohio Wesleyan bachelor degree holders who later earn a doctoral degree but also fields that have been strong and weak feeders for PhD programs in the history of the college.
The mission of the liberal arts college
That graduates of small, independent liberal arts institutions earn PhD’s in social sciences, science and mathematics at over twice the national average was established in 1991. Several studies have investigated this trend and looked for its origins. The paradox is that the primary mission of liberal arts colleges is not to prepare their students for admission and success in PhD programs; historically, liberal arts is a tradition that began in New England over three hundred years ago that emphasizes a holistic approach to liberal learning and the social philosophy of Plato mandating responsible citizenship.
The effects of specialization: 1920-1924
During 1891-1895, OWU established departments for physics, zoology, geology, speech, history, French, English, and economics. The new ideal of specialization brought an emphasis on professional preparation for the Doctor of Philosophy degree and on travel and study in Europe. Two professional schools — Law and Medicine — were formed in 1896.
The speciliazation of the curriculum, a process that started during the Bashford presidency, influenced a lot of undergraduate students to take on further graduate study at other universities. Two Rhodes Scholars from Ohio Wesleyan were appointed during the first ten years of the 1910s: E.R.Loyd (1905) and E.E. Lincoln (1909). In 1907, the United Societies of Phi Beta Kappa, the oldest undergraduate honors organization in the United States installed its first chapter on campus.
It was decided during the Welch presidency years that despite the expansion and the institution's name, Ohio Wesleyan University was to remain a college, not an university. In the interest of wider degree legitimacy, the Bachelor of Science degree was dropped and only the Bachelor of Arts was offered. The mantle of the old classical degree would be used to invoke a wide variety of fields, not just classical studies. Academic requirement for the bachelor's degree were cut and the emphasis on Latin and mathematics came to an end during the 1920s.
Following the curriculum change under the Welch presidency that introduced academic specialization, the school stood 36th among the top producers of PhDs in the United States, not only among liberal arts colleges between 1920-1924.
Historical rank: 1920-1995
In a research paper "Baccalaureate Origins of Doctorate recipients" researchers from the Higher Education Data Sharing Consortium (HEDSC) in conjunction with Franklin and Marshall College (F&M) compiled data obtained from the Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel of the National Research Council (NRC). The report includes private institutions included in the 1994 publication "A Classification of Institutions of Higher Education". This classification of institutions is commonly referred to as the "Carnegie Classifications" in which Bachelor's Degrees account for at least ten percent of the degrees awarded by the institution. The HEDSC report includes people who received doctoral degrees between the years 1920 and 1995, and between 1986 and 1995.
Between 1920-1995, Ohio Wesleyan holds the 27th spot in all disciplines.
The professional geographer
A study titled "A Place for Geography in the Liberal Arts College?" by Mark Bjelland explores the study of geography among liberal arts college. The results of this study reveal that geography thrives at a select group of liberal arts colleges, and that "these colleges are disproportionately important as the undergraduate origin for doctorate recipients in geography."
Ohio Wesleyan was one of fourteen liberal arts colleges to offer a geography degree. Bjelland claimed that despite their rarity, liberal arts geography departments are of disproportionate importance to the discipline in their role as the baccalaureate origin for future doctorate recipients. In his study, Bjelland claimed that the ratio of geography PhDs earned by alumni to geography BA degrees awarded is four to twelve times as high for Ohio Wesleyan as it is for research universities, doctoral universities, or master’s universities.
Education & Human Development
The HEDSC study considers education majors that upon graduation earn doctoral degrees in human development and education. HEDSC ranked Ohio Wesleyan ranked third among all schools as a baccalareate source for doctoral recipients of a degree in education between 1920-1995. Ohio Wesleyan has been offering "Education" as an academic discipline for more than 100 years. The program collaborates with the Department of Psychology. The department of Education operates an Early Childhood Center with several experimental labs.
Business & Economics
Ohio Wesleyan University stood ninth among all schools, according to a study conducted by Kasper Hirschel in 1991, as a baccalaurate origin of economics doctorate recipients between 1920-1984 shows . Hirschel examined the nature of, and possible reasons for, the changes in the academic transition from undergraduate to graduate study of economics. The researcher was concerned by the sharp decline in the number of the best liberal arts graduates who apply to, and enroll in, PhD programs. With data taken from a National Research Council report, Hirschel focused on private institutions.
Among all American academic institutions between 1997-2003, Ohio Wesleyan ranked 20th in its productivity rate, among economics program-size normalized top American sources of eventual Economics Ph.D.s between 1997-2003. In their research study, John Siegfried and Wendy Stock normalize the eventual economics Ph.D.s generated by each institution by the number of bachelor’s degrees it awards in economics.
The last decade
The importance of research funding per student can not be underestimitated as an explanation of the percent of graduates who pursure further graduate study. Between 1996-2001 fiscal years, Ohio Wesleyan increased its expenditures per student by 23%, while the average increase over the same period for top tier liberal arts colleges was 17%. Economist Robert Lenke argued that this increase in spending per student contributed to an increase in the school's PhD creation rate, a rate that captures the number of students that obtained baccalaureates at Ohio Wesleyan and eventually earned a doctorate at another institution. During the same time period, the PhD creation rate for Ohio Wesleyan graduates increased from 3.8% to 5.3% of a graduating class. Biological and social science graduates of the college receive doctorates at much higher rates than graduates in other fields.
Notable examples
F. Sherwood Rowland is an 1947 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University. Sherwood's father had studied for his PhD and his entire family took it for granted that he, too, would obtain one. "Furthermore, both his parents had firm convictions that the University of Chicago, which each had attended, was not just the best choice for graduate work, but the only choice." Rowland did not prove them wrong: he obtained his PhD in physics at the University of Chicago. Although his thesis was on the chemical state of cyclotron-produced radioactive bromine atoms, his best-known work is the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion, for which Rowland received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Ezra Vogel graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1950. He received his doctorate in sociology in 1958 from Harvard University. He is a scholar on China and Japan and has published numerous books on both countries. His "Japan as Number One" is the all-time bestseller held by Western authors in Japan.
Dr. Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli, a 1961 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University, was named, by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, to the post of Senior Advisor on Women's Empowerment, working with the Office of the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. Prior to her appointment by Rice, Tahir-Kheli was Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Democracy, Human Rights and International Operations at the National Security Council. Tahir-Kheli received her PhD degree in International Relations from the University of Pennsylvania in 1972. She is instrumental in advising the Bush Administration on its South Asia policy.
The mission of the liberal arts college
That graduates of small, independent liberal arts institutions earn PhD’s in social sciences, science and mathematics at over twice the national average was established in 1991. Several studies have investigated this trend and looked for its origins. The paradox is that the primary mission of liberal arts colleges is not to prepare their students for admission and success in PhD programs; historically, liberal arts is a tradition that began in New England over three hundred years ago that emphasizes a holistic approach to liberal learning and the social philosophy of Plato mandating responsible citizenship.
The effects of specialization: 1920-1924
During 1891-1895, OWU established departments for physics, zoology, geology, speech, history, French, English, and economics. The new ideal of specialization brought an emphasis on professional preparation for the Doctor of Philosophy degree and on travel and study in Europe. Two professional schools — Law and Medicine — were formed in 1896.
The speciliazation of the curriculum, a process that started during the Bashford presidency, influenced a lot of undergraduate students to take on further graduate study at other universities. Two Rhodes Scholars from Ohio Wesleyan were appointed during the first ten years of the 1910s: E.R.Loyd (1905) and E.E. Lincoln (1909). In 1907, the United Societies of Phi Beta Kappa, the oldest undergraduate honors organization in the United States installed its first chapter on campus.
It was decided during the Welch presidency years that despite the expansion and the institution's name, Ohio Wesleyan University was to remain a college, not an university. In the interest of wider degree legitimacy, the Bachelor of Science degree was dropped and only the Bachelor of Arts was offered. The mantle of the old classical degree would be used to invoke a wide variety of fields, not just classical studies. Academic requirement for the bachelor's degree were cut and the emphasis on Latin and mathematics came to an end during the 1920s.
Following the curriculum change under the Welch presidency that introduced academic specialization, the school stood 36th among the top producers of PhDs in the United States, not only among liberal arts colleges between 1920-1924.
Historical rank: 1920-1995
In a research paper "Baccalaureate Origins of Doctorate recipients" researchers from the Higher Education Data Sharing Consortium (HEDSC) in conjunction with Franklin and Marshall College (F&M) compiled data obtained from the Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel of the National Research Council (NRC). The report includes private institutions included in the 1994 publication "A Classification of Institutions of Higher Education". This classification of institutions is commonly referred to as the "Carnegie Classifications" in which Bachelor's Degrees account for at least ten percent of the degrees awarded by the institution. The HEDSC report includes people who received doctoral degrees between the years 1920 and 1995, and between 1986 and 1995.
Between 1920-1995, Ohio Wesleyan holds the 27th spot in all disciplines.
The professional geographer
A study titled "A Place for Geography in the Liberal Arts College?" by Mark Bjelland explores the study of geography among liberal arts college. The results of this study reveal that geography thrives at a select group of liberal arts colleges, and that "these colleges are disproportionately important as the undergraduate origin for doctorate recipients in geography."
Ohio Wesleyan was one of fourteen liberal arts colleges to offer a geography degree. Bjelland claimed that despite their rarity, liberal arts geography departments are of disproportionate importance to the discipline in their role as the baccalaureate origin for future doctorate recipients. In his study, Bjelland claimed that the ratio of geography PhDs earned by alumni to geography BA degrees awarded is four to twelve times as high for Ohio Wesleyan as it is for research universities, doctoral universities, or master’s universities.
Education & Human Development
The HEDSC study considers education majors that upon graduation earn doctoral degrees in human development and education. HEDSC ranked Ohio Wesleyan ranked third among all schools as a baccalareate source for doctoral recipients of a degree in education between 1920-1995. Ohio Wesleyan has been offering "Education" as an academic discipline for more than 100 years. The program collaborates with the Department of Psychology. The department of Education operates an Early Childhood Center with several experimental labs.
Business & Economics
Ohio Wesleyan University stood ninth among all schools, according to a study conducted by Kasper Hirschel in 1991, as a baccalaurate origin of economics doctorate recipients between 1920-1984 shows . Hirschel examined the nature of, and possible reasons for, the changes in the academic transition from undergraduate to graduate study of economics. The researcher was concerned by the sharp decline in the number of the best liberal arts graduates who apply to, and enroll in, PhD programs. With data taken from a National Research Council report, Hirschel focused on private institutions.
Among all American academic institutions between 1997-2003, Ohio Wesleyan ranked 20th in its productivity rate, among economics program-size normalized top American sources of eventual Economics Ph.D.s between 1997-2003. In their research study, John Siegfried and Wendy Stock normalize the eventual economics Ph.D.s generated by each institution by the number of bachelor’s degrees it awards in economics.
The last decade
The importance of research funding per student can not be underestimitated as an explanation of the percent of graduates who pursure further graduate study. Between 1996-2001 fiscal years, Ohio Wesleyan increased its expenditures per student by 23%, while the average increase over the same period for top tier liberal arts colleges was 17%. Economist Robert Lenke argued that this increase in spending per student contributed to an increase in the school's PhD creation rate, a rate that captures the number of students that obtained baccalaureates at Ohio Wesleyan and eventually earned a doctorate at another institution. During the same time period, the PhD creation rate for Ohio Wesleyan graduates increased from 3.8% to 5.3% of a graduating class. Biological and social science graduates of the college receive doctorates at much higher rates than graduates in other fields.
Notable examples
F. Sherwood Rowland is an 1947 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University. Sherwood's father had studied for his PhD and his entire family took it for granted that he, too, would obtain one. "Furthermore, both his parents had firm convictions that the University of Chicago, which each had attended, was not just the best choice for graduate work, but the only choice." Rowland did not prove them wrong: he obtained his PhD in physics at the University of Chicago. Although his thesis was on the chemical state of cyclotron-produced radioactive bromine atoms, his best-known work is the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion, for which Rowland received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Ezra Vogel graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1950. He received his doctorate in sociology in 1958 from Harvard University. He is a scholar on China and Japan and has published numerous books on both countries. His "Japan as Number One" is the all-time bestseller held by Western authors in Japan.
Dr. Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli, a 1961 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University, was named, by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, to the post of Senior Advisor on Women's Empowerment, working with the Office of the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. Prior to her appointment by Rice, Tahir-Kheli was Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Democracy, Human Rights and International Operations at the National Security Council. Tahir-Kheli received her PhD degree in International Relations from the University of Pennsylvania in 1972. She is instrumental in advising the Bush Administration on its South Asia policy.
Ron Paul Revolution (also known as the Ron Paul: Rution, R-love-ution, and R-evol-ution) is a neologism used to describe as the grass roots efforts of Ron Paul supporters in the 2008 Presidential Election. The term is used both as a campaign slogan by the official campaign and to denote citizen efforts independent of itself. The media uses the term to describe Ron Paul's base of support.
Grass roots networking
In addition to his search popularity, Ron Paul has become popular on a variety of social networking websites. Paul has over 100,000 "friends" on MySpace. He also has strong support on Facebook, with over 54,400 supporters as of December 15, 2007. He is currently getting 9% of the votes in Facebook's Elections 2008 presidential poll, placing him first among Republicans and second among all candidates, behind Barack Obama, but ahead of Hillary Clinton and Rudy Giuliani.
Paul claims the most YouTube views of all Republican candidates, over 6.8 million, and the most subscriptions of all candidates, having surpassed Barack Obama on May 20 2007. Paul's YouTube channel is among the Top 40 most subscribed of all time, achieving 40,000 subscribers in December 2007. The Ron Paul Girl is an internet video not originally generated from the campaign, but which has amounted to hundreds of thousands of viewings and is thought to have contributed materially to internet fundraising. "Paulites tend to be tech-savvy, tired of traditional politics and suspicious of their government and the mainstream media. Consisting of Democrats, Republicans, Libertarians and Constitution Party followers uniting behind some or all of the Paul libertarian agenda -- ending the war in Iraq, abolishing gun control laws, legalizing marijuana and dismantling big hunks of the U.S. government, especially the IRS and Federal Reserve system."
As of November 4, 2007, Ron Paul has the largest distributed grassroots organization on Meetup.com of all candidates, with over 61,000 members in 1,116 Meetup groups. In comparison, Barack Obama-who has the second largest Meetup organization among active candidates-has just over 4,000 members among 70 Meetup groups. Ron Paul has also earned the attention of sympathizers outside of the United States.
Supporters "guard image against what they see as a purposeful marginalization by the media", and cite his victories in 2008 GOP debate sponsors' online and phone text polls to argue he deserves more mainstream recognition. Jack Cafferty has observed that Ron Paul's grassroots network is one "politicians dream about" and that no other candidate running has a base as dedicated or as vocal as Paul's. "His supporters are the equivalent of crabgrass," says G.O.P. consultant Frank Luntz.
Independent campaign efforts
The two largest independent fund raising efforts for Ron Paul were the November 5, 2007 Guy Fawkes' Day moneybomb and the December 16, 2007 Boston Tea Party bomb, which combined raised over $10 million.
One 45-year-old artist and adventurer is bicycling from Santa Monica to the Jefferson Memorial in Washington to raise awareness about Paul. A Nevada brothel owner recently promised to take up a collection from her customers. One Colorado backer quickly raised more than $350,000 online, which launched the Ron Paul blimp. Planned for these supporters are a "Rock for Ron Paul" concert Jan. 17 in Hollywood and a "Hotties for Ron Paul" 2008 wall calendar.
Paul supporters have said in interviews they didn't condone harsh tactics or violence, but some in their camp had become bitter because of the lack of publicity the mainstream media had given their candidate. Willie Geist stated on the marginal coverage of Paul's fundraising: "You raised 6 million dollars on one day and there it is buried on page 50 of The Washington Post."
Slogan
When Dr. Paul delivers speeches, the audience members will often be see wearing "Ron Paul Revolution" T-shirts.
Grass roots networking
In addition to his search popularity, Ron Paul has become popular on a variety of social networking websites. Paul has over 100,000 "friends" on MySpace. He also has strong support on Facebook, with over 54,400 supporters as of December 15, 2007. He is currently getting 9% of the votes in Facebook's Elections 2008 presidential poll, placing him first among Republicans and second among all candidates, behind Barack Obama, but ahead of Hillary Clinton and Rudy Giuliani.
Paul claims the most YouTube views of all Republican candidates, over 6.8 million, and the most subscriptions of all candidates, having surpassed Barack Obama on May 20 2007. Paul's YouTube channel is among the Top 40 most subscribed of all time, achieving 40,000 subscribers in December 2007. The Ron Paul Girl is an internet video not originally generated from the campaign, but which has amounted to hundreds of thousands of viewings and is thought to have contributed materially to internet fundraising. "Paulites tend to be tech-savvy, tired of traditional politics and suspicious of their government and the mainstream media. Consisting of Democrats, Republicans, Libertarians and Constitution Party followers uniting behind some or all of the Paul libertarian agenda -- ending the war in Iraq, abolishing gun control laws, legalizing marijuana and dismantling big hunks of the U.S. government, especially the IRS and Federal Reserve system."
As of November 4, 2007, Ron Paul has the largest distributed grassroots organization on Meetup.com of all candidates, with over 61,000 members in 1,116 Meetup groups. In comparison, Barack Obama-who has the second largest Meetup organization among active candidates-has just over 4,000 members among 70 Meetup groups. Ron Paul has also earned the attention of sympathizers outside of the United States.
Supporters "guard image against what they see as a purposeful marginalization by the media", and cite his victories in 2008 GOP debate sponsors' online and phone text polls to argue he deserves more mainstream recognition. Jack Cafferty has observed that Ron Paul's grassroots network is one "politicians dream about" and that no other candidate running has a base as dedicated or as vocal as Paul's. "His supporters are the equivalent of crabgrass," says G.O.P. consultant Frank Luntz.
Independent campaign efforts
The two largest independent fund raising efforts for Ron Paul were the November 5, 2007 Guy Fawkes' Day moneybomb and the December 16, 2007 Boston Tea Party bomb, which combined raised over $10 million.
One 45-year-old artist and adventurer is bicycling from Santa Monica to the Jefferson Memorial in Washington to raise awareness about Paul. A Nevada brothel owner recently promised to take up a collection from her customers. One Colorado backer quickly raised more than $350,000 online, which launched the Ron Paul blimp. Planned for these supporters are a "Rock for Ron Paul" concert Jan. 17 in Hollywood and a "Hotties for Ron Paul" 2008 wall calendar.
Paul supporters have said in interviews they didn't condone harsh tactics or violence, but some in their camp had become bitter because of the lack of publicity the mainstream media had given their candidate. Willie Geist stated on the marginal coverage of Paul's fundraising: "You raised 6 million dollars on one day and there it is buried on page 50 of The Washington Post."
Slogan
When Dr. Paul delivers speeches, the audience members will often be see wearing "Ron Paul Revolution" T-shirts.