Definition
The word spiritualism is used within philosophy to classify systems of thought that affirm the existence of realities beyond the physical realm, ie. a supernatural or spiritual world.
Philosophical Spiritualism embraces a wide number of diverse philosophies, and can apply to any that accept the concepts of an immortal soul or god. It is associated with the philosophical school of idealism, especially in Europe.
Difference between Spiritualism (philosophy) and Materialism
Philosophical Spiritualism takes either the form of Monism, e.g. Johann Gottlieb Fichte, George Berkeley; or more moderate form of Dualism, e.g. Thomas Hobbes and Pierre Gassendi and Feuerbach. In American, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Amos Bronson Alcott, (1799-1888)
*1) Epistemological Proof
*2) Teleological Proof
*3) Ethical Proof
*4) Inefficacy and Uselessness of Mind in the Materialist View
*5) Psychological Proof
Chart of comparison
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The word spiritualism is used within philosophy to classify systems of thought that affirm the existence of realities beyond the physical realm, ie. a supernatural or spiritual world.
Philosophical Spiritualism embraces a wide number of diverse philosophies, and can apply to any that accept the concepts of an immortal soul or god. It is associated with the philosophical school of idealism, especially in Europe.
Difference between Spiritualism (philosophy) and Materialism
Philosophical Spiritualism takes either the form of Monism, e.g. Johann Gottlieb Fichte, George Berkeley; or more moderate form of Dualism, e.g. Thomas Hobbes and Pierre Gassendi and Feuerbach. In American, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Amos Bronson Alcott, (1799-1888)
*1) Epistemological Proof
*2) Teleological Proof
*3) Ethical Proof
*4) Inefficacy and Uselessness of Mind in the Materialist View
*5) Psychological Proof
Chart of comparison
| Materialism | Spiritualism |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Monism: only one substance exists, for materialism, this substance is matter. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Dualism: two substances exists, matter & mind or in spiritualist monism, only mind exists. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Humankind can be known or described by only matter. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size-1>Humankind does not consist of only matter. |
| top>• Absence of beliefs in "supernatural"; atheism. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Beliefs : God, soul, next world, reincarnation, superstitions, supernatural systems of explanation. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Humankind has an illusion of autonomy. It is subjected to determinism or random. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size-1>Humankind is autonomous or free. |
| top>• Self-consciousness is an illusion that is generated by the complexity of the organization of matter. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size-1>Soul is autonomous. |
| top>• Absence of meaning to life. Humankind fixes itself his own destiny. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Spiritual finality often of divine origin. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Humankind, as an animal like another, is a part of nature. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size-1>Humankind dominates nature. |
| top>• Humankind is a product of evolution. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Creationism |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• What are called "mysteries" are only questions unsolved by sciences. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>There are mysteries that the Humankind reason cannot and will never be able to solve. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Our ignorance must be accepted. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Ignorance is transformed into transcendence "stopgap" or substitute, like God. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Priority is given to the research of the "how". | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Priority is given to the research of the "why". |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Knowledge. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Faith. |
| top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>• Perception. | top>"Arial,Helvetica" size=-1>Speculation. |
Tony R. Rodriguez (born August 22, 1977) is an American writer and poet residing in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Biography
Rodriguez was born in Fremont, California. He graduated from San Francisco State University in 2002 with a degree in Liberal studies. Rodriguez began writing at age twenty-three, and has since then been published in print and on-line through various independent publications. He has authored three books which have been received with modest attention, garnering reviews in several local newspapers.
Published works
*The Disappearance and the Slow Awakening (2003)
*Rapid Eye Metaphors (2005)
*simplicity regurgitated: poems and shorts (2006)
*When I Followed the Elephant (2011)
Biography
Rodriguez was born in Fremont, California. He graduated from San Francisco State University in 2002 with a degree in Liberal studies. Rodriguez began writing at age twenty-three, and has since then been published in print and on-line through various independent publications. He has authored three books which have been received with modest attention, garnering reviews in several local newspapers.
Published works
*The Disappearance and the Slow Awakening (2003)
*Rapid Eye Metaphors (2005)
*simplicity regurgitated: poems and shorts (2006)
*When I Followed the Elephant (2011)
Biker Fox or BikerFox (born Frank P. DeLarzelere III on 1958-12-20 in Monroe, LA) is an American biker and internet celebrity who is known for documenting his weight loss, through biking, via his website. DeLarzelere legally changed his name to "Biker Fox" (trademarked BikerFox ®) in 2005.
Weight Loss
DeLarzelere began cycling for exercise, eventually losing over 90 pounds. As a result of this, he became an advocate of good health, proper nutrition.
Beliefs
BikerFox® believes a bicycle should have the same rights as an automobile while driving around town without being impeded by cars. In fact an automobile should be extra cautious when approaching any pedestrian, biker or disabled person on the sidewalk or walking in the streets. Respect oneself only then can one respect other.
Biking
BikerFox® is the first to do a front flip on a mountain bike in the year 2000. He calls this bike stunt the "Fox Flip".
Media
BikerFox® has been featured on several television shows, newspapers, magazines and on the internet. In mid 2007 DeLarzelere added live cameras in and around his house. As of August 2007, DeLarzelere is working on a documentary/fictional feature length video about the "Biker Fox" character listed on his MySpace page as coming out "in the spring of 2008."
Weight Loss
DeLarzelere began cycling for exercise, eventually losing over 90 pounds. As a result of this, he became an advocate of good health, proper nutrition.
Beliefs
BikerFox® believes a bicycle should have the same rights as an automobile while driving around town without being impeded by cars. In fact an automobile should be extra cautious when approaching any pedestrian, biker or disabled person on the sidewalk or walking in the streets. Respect oneself only then can one respect other.
Biking
BikerFox® is the first to do a front flip on a mountain bike in the year 2000. He calls this bike stunt the "Fox Flip".
Media
BikerFox® has been featured on several television shows, newspapers, magazines and on the internet. In mid 2007 DeLarzelere added live cameras in and around his house. As of August 2007, DeLarzelere is working on a documentary/fictional feature length video about the "Biker Fox" character listed on his MySpace page as coming out "in the spring of 2008."
Origins
Irish Wrestling origins are widely accepted to be in roughly around 500 B.C.E. Common disputes were arising in the small Celtic groups of Ireland. So the druid priests settled these conflicts by creating Irish Wrestling. The original name is unknown.
Basics of the Game
Irish Wrestling is a seasonal sport. Every season of the year has its own setting.
Summer: Played in the mud usually on rainy days.
Mid-Spring: Played in piles of native flowers. Roses were for special events with the color of the roses showing what the players are fighting for.
Autumn and Winter: It is played in pools of various oils.
Traditionally the game was played in the nude; other wise the players wore skin tight animals skin shorts. Modern days it is rarely played in the nude, so skin tight shorts of varies fabrics are acceptable.
Traditionally only men where aloud to play, Older than 8 and younger than 53. Modern days women can also play but the age limit stays the same. Before the game starts each player needs to have at lease 2 glasses of some kind of hard liquors so that the human element of reason is interrupted and the gods could decide the winner without human reason. An important part of the battle is each player must show a sign of affection to another. Finally the game starts with a short bag pipe ensemble.
The point of the game is to push the other players whole body out of the ring and the last player standing in the ring wins. Shortly after the winner is rewarded with whatever the battle was for. That night the winner and their family and friends celebrate their victory in an overnight celebration, during the celebration each losing player must spend one night of affection with the winner or otherwise called Quinces. After Quinces the loser was killed by the hands of the winner.
Irish Wrestling origins are widely accepted to be in roughly around 500 B.C.E. Common disputes were arising in the small Celtic groups of Ireland. So the druid priests settled these conflicts by creating Irish Wrestling. The original name is unknown.
Basics of the Game
Irish Wrestling is a seasonal sport. Every season of the year has its own setting.
Summer: Played in the mud usually on rainy days.
Mid-Spring: Played in piles of native flowers. Roses were for special events with the color of the roses showing what the players are fighting for.
Autumn and Winter: It is played in pools of various oils.
Traditionally the game was played in the nude; other wise the players wore skin tight animals skin shorts. Modern days it is rarely played in the nude, so skin tight shorts of varies fabrics are acceptable.
Traditionally only men where aloud to play, Older than 8 and younger than 53. Modern days women can also play but the age limit stays the same. Before the game starts each player needs to have at lease 2 glasses of some kind of hard liquors so that the human element of reason is interrupted and the gods could decide the winner without human reason. An important part of the battle is each player must show a sign of affection to another. Finally the game starts with a short bag pipe ensemble.
The point of the game is to push the other players whole body out of the ring and the last player standing in the ring wins. Shortly after the winner is rewarded with whatever the battle was for. That night the winner and their family and friends celebrate their victory in an overnight celebration, during the celebration each losing player must spend one night of affection with the winner or otherwise called Quinces. After Quinces the loser was killed by the hands of the winner.