This is an alphabetical list of notable male movie actors.
A certain number of actors of this list are also well-known because of their roles in television films and series, and are therefore included in both, this list and the list of television actors.
See also: Actors, List of female movie actors, List of male television actors and List of female television actors.
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The first rap record is generally acknowledged to have been "King Tim III" by the Fatback Band in 1979 (Toop, 1991), followed by rapping's namesake: Sugarhill Gang's Rapper's Delight (Toop, 1991), but there were many predecessors and early indicators of the possibilities of chanting rhymes over a musical background.
Hip hop, including rapping and scratching, emerged from 1970s block parties in New York City, specifically The Bronx (Toop, 1991). In the 1930's more than a fifth of Harlem residents were from the West Indies, and the block parties of the 80's were closely similar to sound systems in Jamaica(Toop, 1991). These were large parties, originally outdoors, thrown by owners of loud and expensive stereo equipment, which they could share with the community or use to compete among themselves, who began speaking lyrics or toasting.
Rap music emerged from block parties after ultra-competitive DJs isolated percussion breaks, those being the favorites among dancers, and MCs began speaking over the beats (Toop, 1991); in Jamaica, a similar musical style called dub developed from the same isolated and elongated percussion breaks. However, "most rappers will tell you that they either disliked reggae or were only vaguely aware of it in the early and middle '70s." (Toop, 1991)
Lastly, most existing hip hop acts were shocked when King Tim III's throwback to radio DJs rhyming jive and the Sugarhill Gang's appropriation of rap on their remake, not sample, of Chic's "Good Times" were released, as most DJs and MCs knew each other and many had been attempting to record (Toop, 1991). Early rap records are a mix bag of quality material by party veterans and poorer material quickly produced for a profit.
Lil Rodney Cee, of Funky Four Plus One More and Double Trouble, cites Cowboy, of Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, as, "the first MC that I know of...He was the first MC to talk about the DJ." (Toop, 1991)
A famous non-quotation is a well-known phrase attributed to someone who, in fact, did not say it.
It may not be known how these phrases came about, but when possible their type of origin is noted in this way:
- [P] Parody or satire of the original.
- [C] A corruption or mistranslation of the original phrase, possibly accidental, which became better known than the original.
- [M] A deliberate misquoting or made-up quote intended to discredit the alleged speaker.
- [A] Attributed to a well-known person to improve the appearance of the phrase or the person.
This is a list of coding-related terms derived from the Glossary of Telecommunication Terms published as Federal Standard 1037C. Please see the Federal Standard article for copyright-related issues, as not all parts of the source document are in the public domain.
- adaptive predictive coding (APC)
- alphabetic code
- alphanumeric code
- analog decoding
- analog encoding
- analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
- balanced code
- bar code
- Baudot code
- BCH code
- B8ZS
- binary code
- binary-coded decimal (BCD)
- binary-coded decimal notation (BCD)
- binary element
- binary notation
- bipolar signal
- bit configuration
- bit pairing
- B6ZS
- B3ZS
- code
- code (cryptography)
- codec
- code character
- coded character set
- code-division multiple access (CDMA)
- comma-free code
- data network identification code (DNIC)
- delay encoding
- dense binary code
- differential encoding
- differential Manchester encoding
- digital alphabet
- dipulse coding
- direct-sequence spread spectrum
- duobinary signal
- EBCDIC
- error-correcting code
- error-detecting code
- error-detecting system
- escape character (ESC)
- filtered symmetric differential phase-shift keying (FSDPSK)
- gold code
- Gray code
- Hagelbarger code
- Hamming code
- Huffman coding
- hypertext
- linear predictive coding (LPC)
- line code
- Manchester code
- mark
- microcode
- modified AMI code
- motion compensation
- MPEG encoding
- multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK)
- multiprogramming
- n-ary code
- non-return-to-zero change-on-ones (NRZ1)
- non-return-to-zero (NRZ)
- non-return-to-zero mark (NRZ-M)
- non-return-to-zero space (NRZ-S)
- n-unit code
- one-hot code
- paired disparity code
- parity
- reconstructed sample
- redundant code
- return-to-zero (RZ)
- run-length encoding
- scrambler
- secure transmission
- segmented encoding law
- self-synchronizing code
- shannon
- synchronization code
- time code
- time-gated direct-sequence spread spectrum
- transcoding
- two-out-of-five code
- uniform encoding
- unit-distance code
- variant
- zero-level decoder