The E-flite P-47D Thunderbolt 400 is an intermediate to advanced electric-powered almost ready-to-fly foam park flyer-class airplane designed, manufactured and distributed by E-flite, a division of Horizon Hobby of Champaign, Illinois, USA.
Introduced shortly before the 2005 holiday season, the P-47D is E-flite's first scale warbird. Injection molded in CA-compatible EPS foam, the subassemblies of the P-47D are fully painted and decorated as is a pilot figure. Injection molding allows for deep, crisp, prototypically correct panel lines; an assembled P-47D makes an attractive static model when not in use. An interesting detail may be observed around the engine cowl. Speckles of aluminum-colored paint represent the chipped paint often seen on the prototype. The aileron servos and their wiring harnesses are hidden from view by vacuum-molded covers attached with Velcro and simulated machine gun barrels come pre-installed on the leading edges of the wing. The paint scheme with its distinctive yellow and black checkerboard pattern represents an actual aircraft flown in the spring of 1944 in Foggia, Italy by flying ace Lt. Cecil O. Dean of the 317th Fighter Squadron/325th Fighter Group of the Fifteenth Air Force. A similar plane, number 11, was flown in that same squadron by Herschel Green (1920-2006), another of World War II's greatest aces.
The model is designed for easy and quick final assembly. Control surfaces come pre-installed as do a carbon fiber wing spar, the pilot, the canopy, motor mount, all decals and control horns. Pushrods are precut with Z-bends and pre-installed clevises. Landing gear wheels and tires are pre-mounted as well; Horizon Hobby claims that the P-47D can be assembled and flight ready in two to four hours. Several propulsion setup options are discussed in the instruction manual and the plane can be built with or without the included landing gear and simulated, wing-mounted bombs and pylons. Because of the various propulsion options available, a stick of modeling clay is included to help weight the nose in order to achieve the proper center of gravity. The balancing points are clearly marked with the letters "CG" on top of the wing. The rudder, vertical stabilizer and fuselage are molded as a unit and requires the rudder be cut from the tail, then trimmed and hinged in order to make it functional.
The recommended setups and their catalog numbers are:
*Use of the brushed 480 and gearbox included with the kit
*4200kv E-flite Park 400 inrunner brushless motor (EFLM1100) with a change from the enclosed 56-tooth spur to a 65-tooth spur (EFLM243), 10-tooth pinion (EFLM1951) and Park 400 heat sink (EFLM1912)
*920kv E-flite Park 400 outrunner (EFLM1305)
*890kv E-flite Park 450 outrunner (EFLM1400)
An adapter to allow use of an outrunner is included with the kit. Use of the included 10x8E propeller is recommended for all but the geared 4200kv setup for which E-flite recommends the use of their 11x7 slow-flyer prop (EFLP1170, sold in packs of two) and enclosed large-to-small hex adapter. A 5/32" drill is required to ream out the propeller. Should one wish to use an APC-styled prop with the supplied gearbox, a suitable adapter is provided although the manual makes no mention of it.
Glossary
*APC: Abbreviation for Advanced Precision Composites, a brand of composite model aircraft propellers
*Brushed motor: An electric motor through which current is applied to the motor's commutator via the use of molded, soft metallic devices called "brushes"
*Brushless motor: An electric motor which relies on rapidly switching electromagnets to spin the armature
*Inrunner: An electric motor whose moving parts and magnets are contained within its shell
*Kv: A term applying primarily to permanent magnet DC motors (both brushed and brushess) and which refers to RPMs per volt. For example, a motor rated at 920kv simply means that the motor will spin approximately 920 rpm at one volt (slightly less, due to resistive losses in the motor)
*Outrunner: An electric motor in which the outer shell rotates around the fixed inner shell. A motor found in a CD-ROM drive is a good example of an outrunner
Specifications
*Wingspan: 39" (990mm)
*Length: 32" (813mm)
*Wing area: 260 sq in (168 sq cm)
*Flying weight: 21–26 oz (595-737g)
*Stock propulsion: Geared 480 with 10x8E propeller
*Radio requirements: Three-channel or greater; at least four-channel if rudder is used
*Recommended servo: E-flite S-75 7.5-gram sub-micro (EFLRS75) or equivalent; a 6" Y-harness (JR JSP98020 or equivalent) is required to operate the aileron servos via a single channel
*Recommended ESC: 20-ampere brushed (Castle Creations Pixie-20 CSEP20P or equivalent) or 20-ampere brushless (E-flite EFLA311B or equivalent)
*Recommended battery: 2100mAh 3S lithium polymer (Thunder Power THP21003SPL or equivalent) or nine-cell 1000mAh nickel metal hydride (ParkZone PKZ1027)
*Catalog number: EFL6000
*Average price: US$89.99
External links and reference
*
*
*[http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showthread.php?t435963&pp15 P-47D forum at rcgroups.com]
Introduced shortly before the 2005 holiday season, the P-47D is E-flite's first scale warbird. Injection molded in CA-compatible EPS foam, the subassemblies of the P-47D are fully painted and decorated as is a pilot figure. Injection molding allows for deep, crisp, prototypically correct panel lines; an assembled P-47D makes an attractive static model when not in use. An interesting detail may be observed around the engine cowl. Speckles of aluminum-colored paint represent the chipped paint often seen on the prototype. The aileron servos and their wiring harnesses are hidden from view by vacuum-molded covers attached with Velcro and simulated machine gun barrels come pre-installed on the leading edges of the wing. The paint scheme with its distinctive yellow and black checkerboard pattern represents an actual aircraft flown in the spring of 1944 in Foggia, Italy by flying ace Lt. Cecil O. Dean of the 317th Fighter Squadron/325th Fighter Group of the Fifteenth Air Force. A similar plane, number 11, was flown in that same squadron by Herschel Green (1920-2006), another of World War II's greatest aces.
The model is designed for easy and quick final assembly. Control surfaces come pre-installed as do a carbon fiber wing spar, the pilot, the canopy, motor mount, all decals and control horns. Pushrods are precut with Z-bends and pre-installed clevises. Landing gear wheels and tires are pre-mounted as well; Horizon Hobby claims that the P-47D can be assembled and flight ready in two to four hours. Several propulsion setup options are discussed in the instruction manual and the plane can be built with or without the included landing gear and simulated, wing-mounted bombs and pylons. Because of the various propulsion options available, a stick of modeling clay is included to help weight the nose in order to achieve the proper center of gravity. The balancing points are clearly marked with the letters "CG" on top of the wing. The rudder, vertical stabilizer and fuselage are molded as a unit and requires the rudder be cut from the tail, then trimmed and hinged in order to make it functional.
The recommended setups and their catalog numbers are:
*Use of the brushed 480 and gearbox included with the kit
*4200kv E-flite Park 400 inrunner brushless motor (EFLM1100) with a change from the enclosed 56-tooth spur to a 65-tooth spur (EFLM243), 10-tooth pinion (EFLM1951) and Park 400 heat sink (EFLM1912)
*920kv E-flite Park 400 outrunner (EFLM1305)
*890kv E-flite Park 450 outrunner (EFLM1400)
An adapter to allow use of an outrunner is included with the kit. Use of the included 10x8E propeller is recommended for all but the geared 4200kv setup for which E-flite recommends the use of their 11x7 slow-flyer prop (EFLP1170, sold in packs of two) and enclosed large-to-small hex adapter. A 5/32" drill is required to ream out the propeller. Should one wish to use an APC-styled prop with the supplied gearbox, a suitable adapter is provided although the manual makes no mention of it.
Glossary
*APC: Abbreviation for Advanced Precision Composites, a brand of composite model aircraft propellers
*Brushed motor: An electric motor through which current is applied to the motor's commutator via the use of molded, soft metallic devices called "brushes"
*Brushless motor: An electric motor which relies on rapidly switching electromagnets to spin the armature
*Inrunner: An electric motor whose moving parts and magnets are contained within its shell
*Kv: A term applying primarily to permanent magnet DC motors (both brushed and brushess) and which refers to RPMs per volt. For example, a motor rated at 920kv simply means that the motor will spin approximately 920 rpm at one volt (slightly less, due to resistive losses in the motor)
*Outrunner: An electric motor in which the outer shell rotates around the fixed inner shell. A motor found in a CD-ROM drive is a good example of an outrunner
Specifications
*Wingspan: 39" (990mm)
*Length: 32" (813mm)
*Wing area: 260 sq in (168 sq cm)
*Flying weight: 21–26 oz (595-737g)
*Stock propulsion: Geared 480 with 10x8E propeller
*Radio requirements: Three-channel or greater; at least four-channel if rudder is used
*Recommended servo: E-flite S-75 7.5-gram sub-micro (EFLRS75) or equivalent; a 6" Y-harness (JR JSP98020 or equivalent) is required to operate the aileron servos via a single channel
*Recommended ESC: 20-ampere brushed (Castle Creations Pixie-20 CSEP20P or equivalent) or 20-ampere brushless (E-flite EFLA311B or equivalent)
*Recommended battery: 2100mAh 3S lithium polymer (Thunder Power THP21003SPL or equivalent) or nine-cell 1000mAh nickel metal hydride (ParkZone PKZ1027)
*Catalog number: EFL6000
*Average price: US$89.99
External links and reference
*
*
*[http://www.rcgroups.com/forums/showthread.php?t435963&pp15 P-47D forum at rcgroups.com]
Maithreyi Seetharaman is a business reporter for Bloomberg News. Currently she reports several times a day live from the floor of the NYSE. Maithreyi is also a former Senior Correspondent at CNBC-TV18 - India. She has also written several business articles for publications such as The Globalist
She has a Bachelors degree in Commerce from Jai Hind College in India and a Master of Journalism from Bond University in Australia.
She has a Bachelors degree in Commerce from Jai Hind College in India and a Master of Journalism from Bond University in Australia.
Makoa Combatives is a rare and little known martial arts system developed by Guro Abu Hamza and the vehicle used in learning the Cantley family system, Makoa Kali. Makoa Kali, being a blade based system, is very dangerous. Guro Abu Hamza thought it necessary to develop skill sets that would cover more non-lethal areas of self protection and, essentially, Makoa Combatives was born.
----
History and Structure
Makoa Kali is a blade based system, taken from the actual combative experience of the founder in the military and many Indonesian and Filipino systems. The Filipino and Indonesian systems which Makoa Kali derives from are full of rich history and hundreds of years old. Being based on the knife, the beginning of Makoa Kali training usually involves learning Filipino Stick skill sets, which use much of the same angles. Training progresses into two man single and double knife drills and actual sparring with training knives. Training is very reality based and is centered on this 'feeder/receiver' training principle. All lethal entries, isolation techniques and disarms can be trained or 'found' within the two man sets. Eventually one translates these skill sets into empty hand, which makes up the Makoa Silak portion of the Combatives. The system can be broken down like this:
Makoa Core Combatives
Makoa-Jitsu
Makoa Kali
Makoa Silak
Makoa Warrior Skills
each element can be catergorized as a combative and is as separate as much as it is a part of the whole.
----
Ranking
Formal ranking in Makoa Kali is simple. There are three belts: blue, tan and black, with 4 degrees or 'slashes' each, indicating a sub-rank within that belt. Initial training involves learning the Core Combatives, which is basically ground fighting, and based solely on Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and structured just like the Army's Combatives program. The student may even, if he chooses, only be certified in these basic fighting skills and not be ranked. Many instructors become certified to teach the Core Combatives only, so as to enhance the system they teach with superior ground skills.
Blue belt is awarded only after mastering these Core Combatives. along with the accompanying basic stick skill sets and forms (three basic forms for blue belt). The degrees or 'slashes' are awarded as the required basic skill sets are added to the students knowledge base.
Tan belt is the beginning of true knife training. By this time a student has been deemed suitable to teach knife to, having gained the trust of the organization. The Makoa Combatives Group takes this very seriously as teaching knife skills carries with it tremendous responsibility. Tan belt is awarded once the basic knife skills are learned. Then degrees are gradually earned over the years. Tan belt training tends to be slow due to the precision required to master knife skills.
Black belt is awarded once a student has mastered all of the basic to advanced knife skill sets. Emphasis now lies on fine tuning actual fighting skills and beginning the road to teaching. Once a black belt has earned his 4th degree, he may begin training to teach. There are several different teaching ranks starting with the lowest-Junior Associate Instructor. The teaching hierarchy is complicated and is topped with Abu Hamza himself, whose official title is Al- Ustaazh. This is an arabic term meaning 'Teacher' which points to Makoa Kali's Muslim roots.
----
Basics
Makoa Kali is not a complete fighting system in of itself, hence the need for Makoa Combatives. Makoa Combatives allows the student to learn all ranges of combat, from ground work to stand up weapons, even combat firearm skills. So, a student begins with developing his Core skills with ground fighting, working up to the actual blade skill sets required for Makoa Kali, then integrates all of the combatives together. The Core Combatives are easy to learn and give the student a practical system of self protection very early on in their martial training. Makoa Kali itself is a very practical system which focuses on violence of action, intention, and readiness to face death and life with a similar enthusiasm and a strong desire for victory. The specialization of the system is the close quarter usage of the knife, with further emphasis placed on handling multiple attackers. Engaging multiple attackers is addressed from the onset of stick training and carried on through to knife training. If one were to watch a Makoa Kali knife class, one would get the impression that multiple attackers are not only emphasized, but, it is all that is trained to combat.
----
Schools and Training
One would be hard pressed to find a Makoa Kali school in their area. Two were located on the east coast,and the Portland, Oregon location which is the headquarters, is open to private students on the west coast. The founders enjoy a very non-commercial attitude in their teaching, and take sharing the knowledge of the blade very serious. The founders are still not comfortable with including a website to the Makoa knowledge base due to the huge volume of accessibility.In the past seminars were made available to Law Enforcement related to gun retention and protecting against edged weapons and the like but, typically one must be an existing associate of the group or be recommended by a member of Makoa Combatives Group to train.
Makoa Kali's homepage can be found here:
Additional info may be found here :
----
History and Structure
Makoa Kali is a blade based system, taken from the actual combative experience of the founder in the military and many Indonesian and Filipino systems. The Filipino and Indonesian systems which Makoa Kali derives from are full of rich history and hundreds of years old. Being based on the knife, the beginning of Makoa Kali training usually involves learning Filipino Stick skill sets, which use much of the same angles. Training progresses into two man single and double knife drills and actual sparring with training knives. Training is very reality based and is centered on this 'feeder/receiver' training principle. All lethal entries, isolation techniques and disarms can be trained or 'found' within the two man sets. Eventually one translates these skill sets into empty hand, which makes up the Makoa Silak portion of the Combatives. The system can be broken down like this:
Makoa Core Combatives
Makoa-Jitsu
Makoa Kali
Makoa Silak
Makoa Warrior Skills
each element can be catergorized as a combative and is as separate as much as it is a part of the whole.
----
Ranking
Formal ranking in Makoa Kali is simple. There are three belts: blue, tan and black, with 4 degrees or 'slashes' each, indicating a sub-rank within that belt. Initial training involves learning the Core Combatives, which is basically ground fighting, and based solely on Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and structured just like the Army's Combatives program. The student may even, if he chooses, only be certified in these basic fighting skills and not be ranked. Many instructors become certified to teach the Core Combatives only, so as to enhance the system they teach with superior ground skills.
Blue belt is awarded only after mastering these Core Combatives. along with the accompanying basic stick skill sets and forms (three basic forms for blue belt). The degrees or 'slashes' are awarded as the required basic skill sets are added to the students knowledge base.
Tan belt is the beginning of true knife training. By this time a student has been deemed suitable to teach knife to, having gained the trust of the organization. The Makoa Combatives Group takes this very seriously as teaching knife skills carries with it tremendous responsibility. Tan belt is awarded once the basic knife skills are learned. Then degrees are gradually earned over the years. Tan belt training tends to be slow due to the precision required to master knife skills.
Black belt is awarded once a student has mastered all of the basic to advanced knife skill sets. Emphasis now lies on fine tuning actual fighting skills and beginning the road to teaching. Once a black belt has earned his 4th degree, he may begin training to teach. There are several different teaching ranks starting with the lowest-Junior Associate Instructor. The teaching hierarchy is complicated and is topped with Abu Hamza himself, whose official title is Al- Ustaazh. This is an arabic term meaning 'Teacher' which points to Makoa Kali's Muslim roots.
----
Basics
Makoa Kali is not a complete fighting system in of itself, hence the need for Makoa Combatives. Makoa Combatives allows the student to learn all ranges of combat, from ground work to stand up weapons, even combat firearm skills. So, a student begins with developing his Core skills with ground fighting, working up to the actual blade skill sets required for Makoa Kali, then integrates all of the combatives together. The Core Combatives are easy to learn and give the student a practical system of self protection very early on in their martial training. Makoa Kali itself is a very practical system which focuses on violence of action, intention, and readiness to face death and life with a similar enthusiasm and a strong desire for victory. The specialization of the system is the close quarter usage of the knife, with further emphasis placed on handling multiple attackers. Engaging multiple attackers is addressed from the onset of stick training and carried on through to knife training. If one were to watch a Makoa Kali knife class, one would get the impression that multiple attackers are not only emphasized, but, it is all that is trained to combat.
----
Schools and Training
One would be hard pressed to find a Makoa Kali school in their area. Two were located on the east coast,and the Portland, Oregon location which is the headquarters, is open to private students on the west coast. The founders enjoy a very non-commercial attitude in their teaching, and take sharing the knowledge of the blade very serious. The founders are still not comfortable with including a website to the Makoa knowledge base due to the huge volume of accessibility.In the past seminars were made available to Law Enforcement related to gun retention and protecting against edged weapons and the like but, typically one must be an existing associate of the group or be recommended by a member of Makoa Combatives Group to train.
Makoa Kali's homepage can be found here:
Additional info may be found here :
Utah Preparatory Academy is a residential treatment facility for students with depression, anxiety, anger and low-self esteem. Students must complete an "academic assessment" that helps in creating an individualized plan called an "Academic Inspiration Map" designed to help the student build skills that will help them with their problems.
Utah Preparatory Academy was founded in December of 2004 by Diana Robbins.
Therapeutics at Utah Preparatory are administered by licensed clinicians and parents are asked to participate via telephone conferences and parent weekends. Extracurricular activities are offered, such as equestrian lessons, piano and guitar lessons, outdoor adventures, as well as participation in community recreation leagues.
Utah Preparatory Academy was founded in December of 2004 by Diana Robbins.
Therapeutics at Utah Preparatory are administered by licensed clinicians and parents are asked to participate via telephone conferences and parent weekends. Extracurricular activities are offered, such as equestrian lessons, piano and guitar lessons, outdoor adventures, as well as participation in community recreation leagues.