Adequate determinism is a metaphysical theory about the nature of causality.
Adequate determinism is distinguished from some other varieties of determinism in that it does not hold a strict predeterminism by which every event has a cause that is part of a causal chain going back to the origin of the universe. In this view, strict determinism is seen as a philosophical idealization and an unprovable hypothesis given observational and experimental errors.
Adequate determinism is consistent with the determinism of held by some physiologists who think that quantum uncertainty is generally insignificant in the macromolecular structures of cell biology. Although cells are extremely small compared to rocket ships and planets, they are enormous compared to atoms. An average cell contains of the order of a trillion trillion atoms.
Scientists and philosophers mostly agree that quantum indeterminacy is for the most part negligible in the macroscopic world. The two-stage model of free will assumes they quantum effects are negligible when considering the causally determined will and the causally determined actions set in motion by decisions of that will.
In particular, adequate determinism is all that determinist philosophers ever wanted or needed for moral responsibility.
Chance is not a direct cause of human actions.
Adequate determinism gives compatibilists the kind of free will that they need and that they say they want.
However, quantum mechanics is not negligible in some important cases. We know that quantum uncertainty exists in the world and so there have been unpredictable and uncaused events that have broken the causal chain of strict determinism.
Such new "uncaused causes" (causa sui) have not resulted in the collapse of reason or stopped the progress of science, as some philosophers and scientists feared. The Stoic Chrysippus, warned in the third century B.C.E.
"Everything that happens is followed by something else which depends on it by causal necessity. Likewise, everything that happens is preceded by something with which it is causally connected. For nothing exists or has come into being in the cosmos without a cause. The universe will be disrupted and disintegrate into pieces and cease to be a unity functioning as a single system, if any uncaused movement is introduced into it."
Certain "thought experiments" magnify microscopic quantum uncertainty to macroscopic levels. Perhaps the most famous is Schrödinger's cat. Perhaps the most common are simple Geiger counters, which record the spontaneous radioactive decay of unstable atoms, much of it driven by cosmic radiation, a major source of genetic variation that drives natural selection.
None of these totally random events normally interferes in any significant way with adequate determinism in the macroscopic world.
But these random events do drive the creation of new species and they underlie all creativity, all actions that bring new information into the universe, whether the formation of stars and galaxies or the writing of a new play.
Adequate determinism is one of the critical requirements for free will.
Adequate determinism is distinguished from some other varieties of determinism in that it does not hold a strict predeterminism by which every event has a cause that is part of a causal chain going back to the origin of the universe. In this view, strict determinism is seen as a philosophical idealization and an unprovable hypothesis given observational and experimental errors.
Adequate determinism is consistent with the determinism of held by some physiologists who think that quantum uncertainty is generally insignificant in the macromolecular structures of cell biology. Although cells are extremely small compared to rocket ships and planets, they are enormous compared to atoms. An average cell contains of the order of a trillion trillion atoms.
Scientists and philosophers mostly agree that quantum indeterminacy is for the most part negligible in the macroscopic world. The two-stage model of free will assumes they quantum effects are negligible when considering the causally determined will and the causally determined actions set in motion by decisions of that will.
In particular, adequate determinism is all that determinist philosophers ever wanted or needed for moral responsibility.
Chance is not a direct cause of human actions.
Adequate determinism gives compatibilists the kind of free will that they need and that they say they want.
However, quantum mechanics is not negligible in some important cases. We know that quantum uncertainty exists in the world and so there have been unpredictable and uncaused events that have broken the causal chain of strict determinism.
Such new "uncaused causes" (causa sui) have not resulted in the collapse of reason or stopped the progress of science, as some philosophers and scientists feared. The Stoic Chrysippus, warned in the third century B.C.E.
"Everything that happens is followed by something else which depends on it by causal necessity. Likewise, everything that happens is preceded by something with which it is causally connected. For nothing exists or has come into being in the cosmos without a cause. The universe will be disrupted and disintegrate into pieces and cease to be a unity functioning as a single system, if any uncaused movement is introduced into it."
Certain "thought experiments" magnify microscopic quantum uncertainty to macroscopic levels. Perhaps the most famous is Schrödinger's cat. Perhaps the most common are simple Geiger counters, which record the spontaneous radioactive decay of unstable atoms, much of it driven by cosmic radiation, a major source of genetic variation that drives natural selection.
None of these totally random events normally interferes in any significant way with adequate determinism in the macroscopic world.
But these random events do drive the creation of new species and they underlie all creativity, all actions that bring new information into the universe, whether the formation of stars and galaxies or the writing of a new play.
Adequate determinism is one of the critical requirements for free will.
Tourneys play a central role in George R. R. Martin's fantasy epic A Song of Ice and Fire. Large parts of the plot are arranged around a number of major tourneys, and stylistically, they are used as an evocative medieval .
Significance
The continent of Westeros, where the largest parts of the books take place, has a culture and level of technology that is based on Northwestern Europe in the Middle Ages. The dozens of tournaments that are described or mentioned in the series are important social events, and form the background of many of the major plot developments. For the knights, the tourney outcomes are an important part of their personal history.
Martin's descriptions of these tournament vary wildly. Some, like the in A Game of Thrones or the in The Hedge Knight are part of the basic plot, and narrated first hand. Martin describes their spectacular pageantry in vivid detail that is characteristic of his style in A Song of Ice and Fire, often mentioning of the heraldry and the armour of individual entrants, and the results of every tilt. Other tourneys of pivotal significance, like the , are described piecemeal in flashbacks by various characters, and the reader must assemble the information from numerous small fragments.
Formats and rules
The central event of most Westerosi tournaments is jousting, where two armoured knights aim to knock each other off their mounts with a jousting lance, continuing on foot with a variety of blunted weapons. However, many forms of tournaments are known, including mock battles between teams of knights, archery competitions or mêlées, where many warriors fight individually in one large battle. Many tournaments are large events that take several days and may include several different competitions.
Many tournaments pit pairs of warriors in rounds, where the loser is eliminated and the winner proceeds to the next round. The winner of the last round is declared champion. This is similar to how many tournaments in real life were performed, with exception of the best-of-three rule; see jousting. Another popular format was used at Ashford. This type of tournament starts with five champions who defend the honour of a woman, often a daughter of the Lord who arranges the tournament. Other participants can challenge one of the champions to a joust, and if successful take his place. At the end of the tournament, the five remaining champions either confirm the original Queen of Love and Beauty, or chose a new.
In many tournaments, the loser of a joust forfeits his horse and armour to the winner, thus jeopardizing a considerable part of his possessions.
Some Westerosi tournaments are open only to anointed knights, whose privileges are jealously guarded; this forms an important plot element in The Hedge Knight. Indeed, tournament culture is closely connected to chivalric tradition and its spiritiual basis, the Andal Faith in the Seven Gods. These traditions dominate southern and central Westeros, and are uncommon in the North, where many follow the Old Gods. However, the rules for entering tournaments vary with time and place, and there have been many events where freeriders, squires, or followers of the Old Gods have entered the lists.
Individual tourneys
The ordering below is roughly chronological. The dates are given in years after Aegon's Landing (AL).
Tourney at Lannisport
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Damon Lannister.
Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 193 AL
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Lord Stokeworth
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Bastard of Harrenhal
Hastilude for Lord Baratheon's grandson
Date: 200 AL
* Baelor Targaryen defeated Arlan of Pennytree. (7 tilts according to Arlan, 4 according to Baelor)
Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 206 AL
Continuing the age-old feud between houses Blackwood and Bracken, Ser Otho "the Brute of Bracken" slew Lord Blackwood at this tourney, smashing his helm and face with a blow from a blunted longaxe.
* Otho Bracken defeated Quentyn Blackwood, killing him in the process
Maidenpool tourney
Date: 208 AL
Mêlée champion: Humfrey Hardyng
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Donnel of Duskendale
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Royce
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Arryn
Ashford tourney
Date: 209 AL
The Ashford tourney provides the setting for The Hedge Knight and is presented in great detail in the short story, as well as in a graphic novel adaptation. The tournament was arranged by Lord Ashford in honour of his daughter, who reigned as Queen of Love and Beauty and was defended by five champions. The outcome of the tournament is unknown to us, and the event itself came to be overshadowed by the trial by battle that developed out of a confrontation between Duncan the Tall and Prince Aerion Brightflame, resulting in the death of crown prince Baelor Breakspear.
* Tybolt Lannister defeated Androw Ashford (6 tilts)
* Lyonel Baratheon defeated Robert Ashford (10 tilts)
* Leo Tyrell defeated Lord Damon Lannister (3 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Medgar Tully (2 tilts)
* Valarr Targaryen defeated Abelar Hightower (2 tilts)
* Leo Tyrell defeated Pearse Caron
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Joseth Mallister
* Valarr Targaryen defeated Lord Gawen Swann (2 tilts)
* Tybolt Lannister defeated Jon Penrose
* Leo Tyrell defeated Robyn Rhysling (4 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Humfrey Beesbury (13 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Aerion Targaryen (by forfeit)
Tourney at Blackhaven
Date: 248 AL
This tournament is notable as the first appearance of Barristan Selmy. Selmy, then a squire of ten years, acquired a suit of armor and entered the lists as a mystery knight. He jousted well until being defeated by Duncan Targaryen and unmasked. He was dubbed Barristan the Bold for his deeds that day.
* Prince Duncan Targaryen defeated Barristan Selmy (mystery knight)
Winter Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 254 AL
King Aegon V knighted the 16-year old Barristan Selmy for his great acts of prowess at this event.
* Barristan Selmy defeated Duncan the Tall
* Barristan Selmy defeated Prince Duncan Targaryen
Tourney at Silver Bridge
Only Ser Barristan's entry in the White Book tells of this tourney. He defended the passage against all comers.
Champion: Barristan Selmy
Tourney at Maidenpool
Champion: Barristan Selmy (mêlée)
Oldtown tourney
* Barristan Selmy defeated the Blackshield, unmasking the mystery knight and revealing him to be the Bastard of Uplands
Tourney at Lannisport
Date: ca. 276 AL
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated two of Cersei Lannister's uncles and about a dozen of Tywin Lannister's jousters.
Melee at ???
Date: ca. 279 AL
This may have been a squires-only melee.
* Champion: Jaime Lannister
Tourney at Storm's End
Date: between 277 and 280 AL
The information about this tourney is problematic because some details in A Storm of Swords conflict. The author has confirmed that the outlaw Symon Toyne did not attend this tourney, he was dead at that time and the elderly Ser Barristan misremembered.
Champion: Barristan Selmy
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Oberyn Martell
* Arthur Dayne and Rhaegar Targaryen broke 12 lances
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Steffon Baratheon
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Jason Mallister
* Barristan Selmy defeated Robert Baratheon
* Barristan Selmy defeated Oberyn Martell
* Barristan Selmy defeated Leyton Hightower
* Barristan Selmy defeated Jon Connington
* Barristan Selmy defeated Jason Mallister
* Barristan Selmy defeated Rhaegar Targaryen
The Great Harrenhal tourney
Date: 281 AL
Possibly the most pivotal event prior to A Song of Ice and Fire, this tourney took place more than a decade before the events in A Game of Thrones, and only few details have been disclosed so far. The tourney was held by Lord Whent in honor of his daughter and to show off his house's power; it was the greatest tourney of its time and perhaps ever. Crown Prince Rhaegar Targaryen was champion, and in the end chose Lyanna Stark as Queen of Love and Beauty. This was scandalous in that, not only was Rhaegar already married (to Elia of Dorne), but Lyanna herself was betrothed to Robert Baratheon. Rhaegar's indiscretion culminated in his abduction of Lyanna a year later, which touched off the War of the Usurper and brought an end to Targaryen rule. Also at this occasion, 15-year-old Jaime Lannister was admitted into the order of the Kingsguard, and a mystery knight, the "Knight of the Laughing Tree", appeared in the lists to fight for the honour of Howland Reed of Greywater Watch.
Champion: Rhaegar Targaryen.
* Unknown jousters defeated the 4 sons of Lord Whent of Harrenhal
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Haigh
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Blount
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Frey
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Yohn Royce
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Brandon Stark
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Arthur Dayne
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Barristan Selmy
Other participants: Gerold Hightower, Oswell Whent, Robert Baratheon, and Richard Lonmouth.
King Robert's wedding
Date: 284 AL
A tourney was held in celebration of King Robert Baratheon's marriage to Cersei of House Lannister.
Champion: Jaime Lannister
Unnamed tourney
Date: Between 285 and 290 AL
* Oberyn Martell defeated Willas Tyrell (who was left crippled)
Tourney in celebration of Balon Greyjoy's defeat
Date: 289 AL.
After King Robert's forces defeated the rebel Balon Greyjoy, a tourney was arranged in celebration at nearby Lannisport. Jorah Mormont, recently knighted for his valorous acts in the final battle at Pyke, won the tournament and with it the hand of Lynesse of House Hightower, whose favor he wore.
Champion: Jorah Mormont
* Jorah Mormont defeated Jason Mallister
* Jorah Mormont defeated Yohn Royce
* Jorah Mormont defeated Ryman Frey
* Jorah Mormont defeated Hosteen Frey
* Jorah Mormont defeated Lord Whent
* Jorah Mormont defeated Lyle Crakehall
* Jorah Mormont defeated Boros Blount
* Jorah Mormont defeated Jaime Lannister in the final tilt. After 9 broken lances, King Robert awarded Jorah the victory.
*Also jousting: Lynesse's brothers
Lord Mace Tyrell's name day Tourney
Date: ca 294 AL
Champion: William Rykker
Unnamed tourney
Date: ca 296 AL
Champion: Barristan Selmy (aged 57)
Crown Prince Joffrey's 12th name day
Date: 298 AL
Champion: Loras Tyrell
* Barristan Selmy defeated Sandor Clegane
* Some hedge knight defeated Danwell Frey
* Loras Tyrell defeated Hosteen Frey
* Loras Tyrell defeated Jaime Lannister
* Yohn Royce defeated Thoros of Myr (mêlée)
The Hand's tourney
Date: 298 AL
This tourney is described in great detail over a number of chapters in A Game of Thrones. It was held at King's Landing in honor of Eddard Stark, the newly appointed Hand of King Robert Baratheon. It included an archery tournament, a mêlée, and a round-based jousting competition. The jousting competition ended when Gregor Clegane attacked Loras Tyrell after their tilt. Sandor Clegane stepped in and saved Loras's life, fighting his own brother to an impasse. After King Robert put a stop to the fighting, Loras yielded the final tilt to Sandor in gratitude.
Champion: Sandor Clegane
* Jory Cassel defeated a member of House Frey
* Jory Cassel defeated Horace Redwyne
* Lothor Brune defeated Jory Cassel. After 3 tilts Lothor was awarded the victory.
* Meryn Trant defeated Harwin of Winterfell
* Balon Swann defeated Alyn of Winterfell
* Jaime Lannister defeated Andar Royce
* Jaime Lannister defeated Bryce Caron
* Jaime Lannister defeated Barristan Selmy
* Gregor Clegane defeated Hugh of the Vale, killing him in the process
* Gregor Clegane defeated Balon Swann
* Beric Dondarrion defeated a hedge knight in checkers, after the knight disgraced himself
* Thoros of Myr defeated Beric Dondarrion
* Aron Santagar jousted against Lothor Brune, but after 3 tilts they were awarded a draw
* Jason Mallister defeated Aron Santagar
* Robar Royce defeated Lothor Brune
* Loras Tyrell defeated a knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated another knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated a third knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated Robar Royce
* Loras Tyrell defeated Gregor Clegane in the semi-final tilt. Loras rode a mare in heat that distracted Gregor's stallion.
* Sandor Clegane defeated Renly Baratheon
* Sandor Clegane defeated Jaime Lannister in the semi-final tilt
* Sandor Clegane defeated Loras Tyrell in the final tilt, as Loras yielded the match
Other participants: Yohn Royce, Hobber Redwyne, Patrek Mallister, Jared Frey, Hosteen Frey, Danwell Frey, Emmon Frey, Theo Frey, Perwyn Frey, Martyn Rivers, Jalabhar Xho, Arys Oakheart, Mandon Moore, Preston Greenfield
Archery champion: Anguy the Archer, defeating Balon Swann and Jalabhar Xho at the final distance
Mêlée champion: Thoros of Myr
Tourney for King Joffrey's 13th name day
Date: 299 AL
This tourney happens in the first Sansa chapter of A Clash of Kings. It was held at King's Landing in honour of the young King Joffrey Baratheon. It was called off prematurely by the King after the knight Ser Dontos Hollard shamed himself by appearing drunk.
* Meryn Trant defeated Hobber Redwyne (2 tilts)
* Balon Swann defeated Morros Slynt (1 tilt)
* Lothor Brune defeated Dontos Hollard (by forfeit)
Bitterbridge tourney
Date: 299
Only the end of this event, a large mêlée of 116 knights, is described in the books, a Catelyn chapter in A Clash of Kings. The tourney was arranged by the self proclaimed king Renly Baratheon (younger brother of the late Robert Baratheon) on his march towards King's Landing during the War of the Five Kings.
Champion: Brienne of Tarth.
* Brienne of Tarth defeated Richard Farrow, Edmund Ambrose, Big Ben Bushy, Mark Mullendore, Raymond Nayland, Will the Stork, Harry Sawyer, Robin Potter, Ronnet Connington, and Loras Tyrell.
Melee at Runestone
Date: 300 AL
This was a melee for squires only.
* Champion: Harrold Hardyng.
Miscellaneous results
The remaining results cannot be tied to a specific event. These encounters may have happened at the same tourney or not.
Champion: Denys Mallister.
* Thoros of Myr defeated Kevan Lannister (melee)
* Thoros of Myr defeated Sandor Clegane thrice (melee)
* Denys Mallister defeated Randyll Tarly's father
* Denys Mallister defeated Alester Florent
* Daven Lannister defeated Marq Piper (melee)
Significance
The continent of Westeros, where the largest parts of the books take place, has a culture and level of technology that is based on Northwestern Europe in the Middle Ages. The dozens of tournaments that are described or mentioned in the series are important social events, and form the background of many of the major plot developments. For the knights, the tourney outcomes are an important part of their personal history.
Martin's descriptions of these tournament vary wildly. Some, like the in A Game of Thrones or the in The Hedge Knight are part of the basic plot, and narrated first hand. Martin describes their spectacular pageantry in vivid detail that is characteristic of his style in A Song of Ice and Fire, often mentioning of the heraldry and the armour of individual entrants, and the results of every tilt. Other tourneys of pivotal significance, like the , are described piecemeal in flashbacks by various characters, and the reader must assemble the information from numerous small fragments.
Formats and rules
The central event of most Westerosi tournaments is jousting, where two armoured knights aim to knock each other off their mounts with a jousting lance, continuing on foot with a variety of blunted weapons. However, many forms of tournaments are known, including mock battles between teams of knights, archery competitions or mêlées, where many warriors fight individually in one large battle. Many tournaments are large events that take several days and may include several different competitions.
Many tournaments pit pairs of warriors in rounds, where the loser is eliminated and the winner proceeds to the next round. The winner of the last round is declared champion. This is similar to how many tournaments in real life were performed, with exception of the best-of-three rule; see jousting. Another popular format was used at Ashford. This type of tournament starts with five champions who defend the honour of a woman, often a daughter of the Lord who arranges the tournament. Other participants can challenge one of the champions to a joust, and if successful take his place. At the end of the tournament, the five remaining champions either confirm the original Queen of Love and Beauty, or chose a new.
In many tournaments, the loser of a joust forfeits his horse and armour to the winner, thus jeopardizing a considerable part of his possessions.
Some Westerosi tournaments are open only to anointed knights, whose privileges are jealously guarded; this forms an important plot element in The Hedge Knight. Indeed, tournament culture is closely connected to chivalric tradition and its spiritiual basis, the Andal Faith in the Seven Gods. These traditions dominate southern and central Westeros, and are uncommon in the North, where many follow the Old Gods. However, the rules for entering tournaments vary with time and place, and there have been many events where freeriders, squires, or followers of the Old Gods have entered the lists.
Individual tourneys
The ordering below is roughly chronological. The dates are given in years after Aegon's Landing (AL).
Tourney at Lannisport
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Damon Lannister.
Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 193 AL
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Lord Stokeworth
* Arlan of Pennytree defeated Bastard of Harrenhal
Hastilude for Lord Baratheon's grandson
Date: 200 AL
* Baelor Targaryen defeated Arlan of Pennytree. (7 tilts according to Arlan, 4 according to Baelor)
Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 206 AL
Continuing the age-old feud between houses Blackwood and Bracken, Ser Otho "the Brute of Bracken" slew Lord Blackwood at this tourney, smashing his helm and face with a blow from a blunted longaxe.
* Otho Bracken defeated Quentyn Blackwood, killing him in the process
Maidenpool tourney
Date: 208 AL
Mêlée champion: Humfrey Hardyng
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Donnel of Duskendale
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Royce
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Arryn
Ashford tourney
Date: 209 AL
The Ashford tourney provides the setting for The Hedge Knight and is presented in great detail in the short story, as well as in a graphic novel adaptation. The tournament was arranged by Lord Ashford in honour of his daughter, who reigned as Queen of Love and Beauty and was defended by five champions. The outcome of the tournament is unknown to us, and the event itself came to be overshadowed by the trial by battle that developed out of a confrontation between Duncan the Tall and Prince Aerion Brightflame, resulting in the death of crown prince Baelor Breakspear.
* Tybolt Lannister defeated Androw Ashford (6 tilts)
* Lyonel Baratheon defeated Robert Ashford (10 tilts)
* Leo Tyrell defeated Lord Damon Lannister (3 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Lord Medgar Tully (2 tilts)
* Valarr Targaryen defeated Abelar Hightower (2 tilts)
* Leo Tyrell defeated Pearse Caron
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Joseth Mallister
* Valarr Targaryen defeated Lord Gawen Swann (2 tilts)
* Tybolt Lannister defeated Jon Penrose
* Leo Tyrell defeated Robyn Rhysling (4 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Humfrey Beesbury (13 tilts)
* Humfrey Hardyng defeated Aerion Targaryen (by forfeit)
Tourney at Blackhaven
Date: 248 AL
This tournament is notable as the first appearance of Barristan Selmy. Selmy, then a squire of ten years, acquired a suit of armor and entered the lists as a mystery knight. He jousted well until being defeated by Duncan Targaryen and unmasked. He was dubbed Barristan the Bold for his deeds that day.
* Prince Duncan Targaryen defeated Barristan Selmy (mystery knight)
Winter Tourney at King's Landing
Date: 254 AL
King Aegon V knighted the 16-year old Barristan Selmy for his great acts of prowess at this event.
* Barristan Selmy defeated Duncan the Tall
* Barristan Selmy defeated Prince Duncan Targaryen
Tourney at Silver Bridge
Only Ser Barristan's entry in the White Book tells of this tourney. He defended the passage against all comers.
Champion: Barristan Selmy
Tourney at Maidenpool
Champion: Barristan Selmy (mêlée)
Oldtown tourney
* Barristan Selmy defeated the Blackshield, unmasking the mystery knight and revealing him to be the Bastard of Uplands
Tourney at Lannisport
Date: ca. 276 AL
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated two of Cersei Lannister's uncles and about a dozen of Tywin Lannister's jousters.
Melee at ???
Date: ca. 279 AL
This may have been a squires-only melee.
* Champion: Jaime Lannister
Tourney at Storm's End
Date: between 277 and 280 AL
The information about this tourney is problematic because some details in A Storm of Swords conflict. The author has confirmed that the outlaw Symon Toyne did not attend this tourney, he was dead at that time and the elderly Ser Barristan misremembered.
Champion: Barristan Selmy
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Oberyn Martell
* Arthur Dayne and Rhaegar Targaryen broke 12 lances
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Steffon Baratheon
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Jason Mallister
* Barristan Selmy defeated Robert Baratheon
* Barristan Selmy defeated Oberyn Martell
* Barristan Selmy defeated Leyton Hightower
* Barristan Selmy defeated Jon Connington
* Barristan Selmy defeated Jason Mallister
* Barristan Selmy defeated Rhaegar Targaryen
The Great Harrenhal tourney
Date: 281 AL
Possibly the most pivotal event prior to A Song of Ice and Fire, this tourney took place more than a decade before the events in A Game of Thrones, and only few details have been disclosed so far. The tourney was held by Lord Whent in honor of his daughter and to show off his house's power; it was the greatest tourney of its time and perhaps ever. Crown Prince Rhaegar Targaryen was champion, and in the end chose Lyanna Stark as Queen of Love and Beauty. This was scandalous in that, not only was Rhaegar already married (to Elia of Dorne), but Lyanna herself was betrothed to Robert Baratheon. Rhaegar's indiscretion culminated in his abduction of Lyanna a year later, which touched off the War of the Usurper and brought an end to Targaryen rule. Also at this occasion, 15-year-old Jaime Lannister was admitted into the order of the Kingsguard, and a mystery knight, the "Knight of the Laughing Tree", appeared in the lists to fight for the honour of Howland Reed of Greywater Watch.
Champion: Rhaegar Targaryen.
* Unknown jousters defeated the 4 sons of Lord Whent of Harrenhal
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Haigh
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Blount
* The Knight of the Laughing Tree defeated a member of House Frey
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Yohn Royce
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Brandon Stark
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Arthur Dayne
* Rhaegar Targaryen defeated Barristan Selmy
Other participants: Gerold Hightower, Oswell Whent, Robert Baratheon, and Richard Lonmouth.
King Robert's wedding
Date: 284 AL
A tourney was held in celebration of King Robert Baratheon's marriage to Cersei of House Lannister.
Champion: Jaime Lannister
Unnamed tourney
Date: Between 285 and 290 AL
* Oberyn Martell defeated Willas Tyrell (who was left crippled)
Tourney in celebration of Balon Greyjoy's defeat
Date: 289 AL.
After King Robert's forces defeated the rebel Balon Greyjoy, a tourney was arranged in celebration at nearby Lannisport. Jorah Mormont, recently knighted for his valorous acts in the final battle at Pyke, won the tournament and with it the hand of Lynesse of House Hightower, whose favor he wore.
Champion: Jorah Mormont
* Jorah Mormont defeated Jason Mallister
* Jorah Mormont defeated Yohn Royce
* Jorah Mormont defeated Ryman Frey
* Jorah Mormont defeated Hosteen Frey
* Jorah Mormont defeated Lord Whent
* Jorah Mormont defeated Lyle Crakehall
* Jorah Mormont defeated Boros Blount
* Jorah Mormont defeated Jaime Lannister in the final tilt. After 9 broken lances, King Robert awarded Jorah the victory.
*Also jousting: Lynesse's brothers
Lord Mace Tyrell's name day Tourney
Date: ca 294 AL
Champion: William Rykker
Unnamed tourney
Date: ca 296 AL
Champion: Barristan Selmy (aged 57)
Crown Prince Joffrey's 12th name day
Date: 298 AL
Champion: Loras Tyrell
* Barristan Selmy defeated Sandor Clegane
* Some hedge knight defeated Danwell Frey
* Loras Tyrell defeated Hosteen Frey
* Loras Tyrell defeated Jaime Lannister
* Yohn Royce defeated Thoros of Myr (mêlée)
The Hand's tourney
Date: 298 AL
This tourney is described in great detail over a number of chapters in A Game of Thrones. It was held at King's Landing in honor of Eddard Stark, the newly appointed Hand of King Robert Baratheon. It included an archery tournament, a mêlée, and a round-based jousting competition. The jousting competition ended when Gregor Clegane attacked Loras Tyrell after their tilt. Sandor Clegane stepped in and saved Loras's life, fighting his own brother to an impasse. After King Robert put a stop to the fighting, Loras yielded the final tilt to Sandor in gratitude.
Champion: Sandor Clegane
* Jory Cassel defeated a member of House Frey
* Jory Cassel defeated Horace Redwyne
* Lothor Brune defeated Jory Cassel. After 3 tilts Lothor was awarded the victory.
* Meryn Trant defeated Harwin of Winterfell
* Balon Swann defeated Alyn of Winterfell
* Jaime Lannister defeated Andar Royce
* Jaime Lannister defeated Bryce Caron
* Jaime Lannister defeated Barristan Selmy
* Gregor Clegane defeated Hugh of the Vale, killing him in the process
* Gregor Clegane defeated Balon Swann
* Beric Dondarrion defeated a hedge knight in checkers, after the knight disgraced himself
* Thoros of Myr defeated Beric Dondarrion
* Aron Santagar jousted against Lothor Brune, but after 3 tilts they were awarded a draw
* Jason Mallister defeated Aron Santagar
* Robar Royce defeated Lothor Brune
* Loras Tyrell defeated a knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated another knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated a third knight of the Kingsguard
* Loras Tyrell defeated Robar Royce
* Loras Tyrell defeated Gregor Clegane in the semi-final tilt. Loras rode a mare in heat that distracted Gregor's stallion.
* Sandor Clegane defeated Renly Baratheon
* Sandor Clegane defeated Jaime Lannister in the semi-final tilt
* Sandor Clegane defeated Loras Tyrell in the final tilt, as Loras yielded the match
Other participants: Yohn Royce, Hobber Redwyne, Patrek Mallister, Jared Frey, Hosteen Frey, Danwell Frey, Emmon Frey, Theo Frey, Perwyn Frey, Martyn Rivers, Jalabhar Xho, Arys Oakheart, Mandon Moore, Preston Greenfield
Archery champion: Anguy the Archer, defeating Balon Swann and Jalabhar Xho at the final distance
Mêlée champion: Thoros of Myr
Tourney for King Joffrey's 13th name day
Date: 299 AL
This tourney happens in the first Sansa chapter of A Clash of Kings. It was held at King's Landing in honour of the young King Joffrey Baratheon. It was called off prematurely by the King after the knight Ser Dontos Hollard shamed himself by appearing drunk.
* Meryn Trant defeated Hobber Redwyne (2 tilts)
* Balon Swann defeated Morros Slynt (1 tilt)
* Lothor Brune defeated Dontos Hollard (by forfeit)
Bitterbridge tourney
Date: 299
Only the end of this event, a large mêlée of 116 knights, is described in the books, a Catelyn chapter in A Clash of Kings. The tourney was arranged by the self proclaimed king Renly Baratheon (younger brother of the late Robert Baratheon) on his march towards King's Landing during the War of the Five Kings.
Champion: Brienne of Tarth.
* Brienne of Tarth defeated Richard Farrow, Edmund Ambrose, Big Ben Bushy, Mark Mullendore, Raymond Nayland, Will the Stork, Harry Sawyer, Robin Potter, Ronnet Connington, and Loras Tyrell.
Melee at Runestone
Date: 300 AL
This was a melee for squires only.
* Champion: Harrold Hardyng.
Miscellaneous results
The remaining results cannot be tied to a specific event. These encounters may have happened at the same tourney or not.
Champion: Denys Mallister.
* Thoros of Myr defeated Kevan Lannister (melee)
* Thoros of Myr defeated Sandor Clegane thrice (melee)
* Denys Mallister defeated Randyll Tarly's father
* Denys Mallister defeated Alester Florent
* Daven Lannister defeated Marq Piper (melee)
Shine Enterprise Java Pattern is an Open Source Java Pattern. Shine Enterprise Java Pattern is a Pattern for (J2SE, J2EE, J2ME) Applications.
Shine Enterprise Java Pattern Frameworks and Libraries:
Maplet Framework (MVC and Web Framework)
JShooter (Reflect Oriented Framework in Network)
JConnection (Hibernate and JDBC Layers)
Util (OCR, File, Runtime, Runtime Compiler, Security, PDF,... Libraries)
Maplet (Web, MVC Framework)
What is Maplet?
Maplet is a framework for implementing web based program, which is compatible with MVC architecture. This framework is very easy and helpful for developers and analyzers to do their jobs better than before.
JShooter (Reflect in Network Framework)
What is JShooter?
JShooter is a framework for distributing application programs on the network. Certainly, you have used RMI, Corba and JMS. Each of aforementioned technologies has its own special problems and at the same time enjoys extraordinary advantages. However, you must be careful about the expenses caused by these technologies. In most cases RMI, Corba and JMS increase the productions' costs unbelievably. However in other cases they confuse programmers. Years ago, Reflect Oriented Programming was the focus of attention within professional programmers, then Aspect Oriented Programming came into the programming world but instead of reducing the programmer's task, it causes the professional programmers and even the amateur ones to be confused in many cases. One of the most important capabilities of JShooter is that it makes the "Reflect Oriented Programming" easier to use.
JConnection (JDBC & Hibernate Component)
What is JConnection?
JConnection is a tool for developers at the DB layer that solve lots of amateurs' problems. This tool helps you to work with JDBC and Hibernate.
JDBC Class
This class helps you to less engagement with Statement and Connectionin entities in JDBC.
Hiberbate Class
This class makes it easy to work with Hibernate
Util (OCR, File, Runtime, Runtime Compiler, Security, PDF,... Libraries)
What is Util?
Util package helps you to implement your application very easily. This package helps developers who don't want to use basic codes for their application.
What is Analyzer Class?
This class helps you to do XMLParsing easily.
What is Browser Class?
This class allows you to access the contents of a site via Web Socket.
What is Code class?
This class can considerably help you in encryption.
"addFileToWindowsRuntime", create a new class. Afterward you can create an object from the created class by using JShooter.
What is Info Class?
This class gives the user specifications from the executive system.
What is JCompiler?
This class considerably helps you to compile at the run time. For using it, you should inherit from the JCompiler class, then use the
"addFileToWindowsRuntime", create a new class. Afterward you can create an object from the created class by using JShooter.
What is JThread class?
This class remarkably helps using Threads. The class that uses JThread class, must fist inherit from JThread.
What is JValidation Class?
This class helps in validations.
What is root class?
This class is designed for working with FileSystem.
What is run Class?
This class helps you using operation system commands in your application without considering the type of it.
Shine Enterprise Java Pattern Frameworks and Libraries:
Maplet Framework (MVC and Web Framework)
JShooter (Reflect Oriented Framework in Network)
JConnection (Hibernate and JDBC Layers)
Util (OCR, File, Runtime, Runtime Compiler, Security, PDF,... Libraries)
Maplet (Web, MVC Framework)
What is Maplet?
Maplet is a framework for implementing web based program, which is compatible with MVC architecture. This framework is very easy and helpful for developers and analyzers to do their jobs better than before.
JShooter (Reflect in Network Framework)
What is JShooter?
JShooter is a framework for distributing application programs on the network. Certainly, you have used RMI, Corba and JMS. Each of aforementioned technologies has its own special problems and at the same time enjoys extraordinary advantages. However, you must be careful about the expenses caused by these technologies. In most cases RMI, Corba and JMS increase the productions' costs unbelievably. However in other cases they confuse programmers. Years ago, Reflect Oriented Programming was the focus of attention within professional programmers, then Aspect Oriented Programming came into the programming world but instead of reducing the programmer's task, it causes the professional programmers and even the amateur ones to be confused in many cases. One of the most important capabilities of JShooter is that it makes the "Reflect Oriented Programming" easier to use.
JConnection (JDBC & Hibernate Component)
What is JConnection?
JConnection is a tool for developers at the DB layer that solve lots of amateurs' problems. This tool helps you to work with JDBC and Hibernate.
JDBC Class
This class helps you to less engagement with Statement and Connectionin entities in JDBC.
Hiberbate Class
This class makes it easy to work with Hibernate
Util (OCR, File, Runtime, Runtime Compiler, Security, PDF,... Libraries)
What is Util?
Util package helps you to implement your application very easily. This package helps developers who don't want to use basic codes for their application.
What is Analyzer Class?
This class helps you to do XMLParsing easily.
What is Browser Class?
This class allows you to access the contents of a site via Web Socket.
What is Code class?
This class can considerably help you in encryption.
"addFileToWindowsRuntime", create a new class. Afterward you can create an object from the created class by using JShooter.
What is Info Class?
This class gives the user specifications from the executive system.
What is JCompiler?
This class considerably helps you to compile at the run time. For using it, you should inherit from the JCompiler class, then use the
"addFileToWindowsRuntime", create a new class. Afterward you can create an object from the created class by using JShooter.
What is JThread class?
This class remarkably helps using Threads. The class that uses JThread class, must fist inherit from JThread.
What is JValidation Class?
This class helps in validations.
What is root class?
This class is designed for working with FileSystem.
What is run Class?
This class helps you using operation system commands in your application without considering the type of it.
Bodhtree Consulting Ltd. is a software services and consulting firm headquartered in Hyderabad, India. Bodhtree is an Information Technology firm with offices in the US and UK. The Company is known for its product MIDAS (Multi Industry Data Anomaly Solution) and it's CoE (Center of Excellence) for SaaS & Cloud computing. Currently, Bodhtree serves Fortune 500 and Forbes 200 listed companies in the US, UK and Asia Pacific.
History
Bodhtree was Commenced in 1999, it is a publicly listed company and has investments and interests in other niche business areas including E-Publishing, E-Learning, and Mobile Classified Search.
History
Bodhtree was Commenced in 1999, it is a publicly listed company and has investments and interests in other niche business areas including E-Publishing, E-Learning, and Mobile Classified Search.