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Wayne Dolcefino is president of Dolcefino Consulting, located in Houston, Texas.
He joined KTRK-TV in 1985. In more than three decades in radio and television broadcasting, Dolcefino won thirty Emmy Awards and three Medals from the Investigative Reporters and Editors Organization. Between 1985 and 2012, Dolcefino was the Chief Investigative Reporter for the Houston ABC owned-and-operated TV station. As head of the Undercover Unit that saved taxpayers' money, and exposed government corruption and charity fraud.
Dolcefino and his employer have been the target of and overcame a highly publicized lawsuit. A $5.5 million verdict for libel (Sylvester Turner v. KTRK Television 1996) was subsequently overturned by a court of appeals, and the appeal was later upheld by the Texas Supreme Court.
On November 21, 2012 KTRK-TV announced that Dolcefino left the station. In November 2012, he formed Dolcefino Consulting and since then has provided public and private consulting advice and investigative communication services.
In 2013, Dolcefino unsuccessfully ran for a seat on the Katy ISD Board of Trustees. In the May 2013 election, he lost to incumbent Joe Adams by 66 votes.

Ingrid Stephanie Boyce (born 1972), known professionally as I. Stephanie Boyce, is a British solicitor (admitted in England & Wales), a fellow of the Chartered Governance Institute, formerly the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators (ICSA) and an inspirational speaker. Boyce is professionally known as I. Stephanie Boyce due to a dislike of her first name, Ingrid which is abbreviated to I.
Boyce is best known for her role with the , the professional association that represents and governs solicitors for the jurisdiction of England and Wales. It provides services and support to practising and training solicitors, as well as serving as a forum for law reform.
Boyce will serve as Law Society President in 2021-2022 and will become the Law Society’s first ethnic minority President since the Law Society was founded in 1825.
Early life and education
Boyce was born at the Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital in Aylesbury, in 1972. She is the daughter of Melvin Boyce, a Barbadian born security officer, and Pamesta Boyce, a Vincentian born cleaner.  Boyce grew up in Aylesbury until her mother’s remarriage where she emigrated to the United States of America with her mother in 1985. Boyce was educated at St Mary’s Church of England school moving on to Bearbrook Middle School and on to The Grange Secondary school in Aylesbury. Graduating from Norristown High Schoolin 1991.
From 1996-1999, Boyce studied at London Guildhall University, where she resided in Mile End, graduating with a Bachelor of Laws with Politics (Hons). Boyce completed the Legal Practice Course from 1999-2000 at the College of Law, Guildford. From 2008-2010, Boyce studied at King’s College, London graduating with a Master of Laws in Public Law and Global Governance (Merit) whilst working at the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), the global body for professional accountants.
Legal Career
Boyce was admitted as a solicitor in 2002 with Horwood and James solicitors, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. Boyce took up her first post qualification role in the litigation department of Winters Solicitors in Huntington, Cambridgeshire in November 2002. Boyce subsequently joined Conway & Company solicitors in 2003. Having been made redundant twice in as many years Boyce moved in-house in 2004 becoming solicitor to the then lay Complaints Commissioner of the General Council of the Bar, Major-General Michael Scott.
Since qualifying, Boyce has spent most of her career working in complex environments with a particular expertise in overhauling governance arrangements. Career experiences have included central and local government appointments and professional regulation. In 2005-2006 Boyce undertook a series of locum roles eventually taking up post as Senior Investigations Officer with Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Professional Standards Department in 2007. Within six months of joining ACCA, Boyce was promoted to Committee Manager and Clerk to the Disciplinary and Regulatory Committees. Whilst at ACCA, Boyce studied part time for a Master of Laws degree at Kings College London.
After five years with ACCA, Boyce went on to complete a number of assignments for the Pensions Regulator in Brighton and the Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills (Ofsted) in London. Whilst at Ofsted, Boyce was headhunted to join the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (CIArb) where she became its Director of Legal Services. Following a restructure at CIArb, Boyce's title changed to Director of Corporate Affairs. In her most recent roles, as General Counsel and Company Secretary Boyce delivered strategic change in complex environments, bringing clarity to strategic planning and delivering improved legal services in challenging financial circumstances.
City of Westminster and Holborn Law Society
Boyce is the past honorary secretary of the City of Westminster and Holborn Law Society (2010-2012) now titled Westminster and Holborn Law Society.
Law Society Council Member
In 2013 Boyce became a Council member of the Law Society representing the newly created Women Lawyers Division.
In 2015 Boyce made her first attempt as a candidate for Deputy Vice President of the Law Society, she would become successful upon her fourth attempt in 2019, having enlisted the help of lead campaign manager, and fellow Law Society council member Alan East, the Coventry University law school academic and chair of the Law Society's Education and Training Committee.
Boyce is a non-executive director of the Law Society of England and Wales as a Council member representing Women Lawyers. Boyce is a former member of its Regulatory Affairs Board, as well as former Chair of its Conduct Committee. During Boyce’ tenure as chair of the Conduct Committee she introduced a number of radical reforms to the Law Society’s complaints process and bye-laws.
Other Appointments
Boyce is a solicitor adjudicator member of the Joint Tribunal Service, Chair of the Independent Education Appeal Panel, Chair of the Independent Review Panel, and the Independent Person of the Standards Committee for Buckinghamshire County Council.
Law Society Deputy Vice Presidency (2019-2020)
The inauguration of I. Stephanie Boyce as the 178th Deputy Vice President took place on July 4, 2019 at the Law Society’s headquarters in Chancery Lane, London. Boyce is set to become the Society’s 177th President, the sixth female President and the first ethnic minority President.
Personal Life
Boyce is unmarried and has no children. Boyce’s mother Pamesta (born 1952), was raised in St Vincent and the Grenadines emigrating to the UK in 1967. Boyce's father Melvin (born 1947), a Barbadian who emigrated to the UK in 1964. Boyce parents divorced when she was four years old. Boyces’ brother is Emmerson Boyce the former Premier League professional footballer who in May 2013 captained Wigan to win the FA Cup over Manchester City.
Books
Boyce has featured in a number of books, Career Management for Lawyers: Practical Strategies to Plan your Next Chapter and First 100 Years of Women in Law.

When trying to understand the self in terms of the brain, neuroscientists have found contradictory results and paradoxes. Nevertheless, Gonzalo Munevar has argued that neuroscience in an evolutionary context can give a proper explanation of the self. His Evolutionary Theory of the Self depends on, “the ability by the brain to coordinate new sensory information in light of the organism’s internal states and in the context of its personal history and genetic inheritance." His theory is an alternative conception for the explanation of the self, which takes into account the evolutionary biology of the brain.
Organisms that are highly complex execute the function of telling self from other with the brain and the immune system. To fulfill the function of recognizing self from other, the brain uses past experiences and genetic inheritance (e.g. survival, reproduction). The self is defined by these functions that distinguish an organisms from other organisms, which allow them to act as one whole entity in social and physical environments. Simply put, the theory revolves around the idea that the brain constitutes the self, which represents itself in a variety of internal states.
The brain/self evolves for action to be able to interact with social and physical environments. It is suggested that the brain performs a complex list of tasks to complete these interactions to distinguish self from other. This defines the brain to be characteristically distributive to complete complex tasks, and thus suggests that the self is also distributive. Therefore, the Evolutionary Theory of the Self detours from the traditional conceptions that include the self being a centralized, unitary mechanism that is both conscious (sense of self) and compiled of a collection of episodic memories. Alternatively, it suggests that the conception of self is mostly unconscious, and the brain evolves from past experiences and genetic inheritance to create the evolutionary self.
In Munevar’s study, “fMRI Study of Self vs. Others’ Attributions of Traits Consistent with Evolutionary Understanding of the Self,” he aimed to demonstrate the experimental feasibility of this conception of the self as a distributive system, and discovered results complimenting the Evolutionary Theory of the Self while resolving the contradictions and paradoxes of traditional conceptions of self. These problems are that the traditional conceptions of the self argue that the self is a unified mechanism that exists in a centralized area in the brain, and that the self is something we can consciously sense. The problems with these accounts are that there is scientific research contradicting the claims of traditional conceptions. Llinas suggests that the self is a form of perception and thus that the self is an invention of the brain just as secondary sensory qualities are. He argues that there is no one brain area that could account for the self, and he concludes that the self doesn’t exist. Although Llinas is confusing the conscious and unconscious self, because when he suggests the self as a form of perception he should be referring to the conscious self being a form of perception. Munevar suggests that Llinas is incorrect in assuming the self does not exist, because just as an elephant and the perception of an elephant are different things, so are the self and our perception of the self. This points to show that the trait summaries of their personality must have come around subconsciously, inferring that the self can exist even in the absence of episodic memories. Thus, the self cannot be a collection of episodic memories.
Solutions to the problems
The Evolutionary Theory points out that distributive systems are characteristic of the brain. Organisms need to identify itself from others in many complex ways, thus many areas of the brain are used when distinguishes self from other. We need to understand that the brain is full of distributed mechanisms, thus creating an expectation that the self will be too. With this understanding, the Evolutionary Theory of the Self avoids all the difficulties about the unified and central mechanisms that traditional conceptions hold. In addition, the brain-based model of the evolutionary theory recognizes that the majority of the mental tasks highly complex organisms do are unconscious. Simply put, we may be aware of a decision we have made, but not the calculations that went into the decision as they are not capable to be understood by the conscious self. By attempting to take an evolutionary approach to understanding the self, the confrontation of self with the sense of self is avoided, in addition to, “all the problems that arise from an undue emphasis on consciousness.”<ref name=":0" />
As suggested by Munevar, research on the evolutionary theory of self needs to firstly examine the existence of distributed activation in the brain when doing a self-attribution task. Secondly, they need to examine distinctions in brain activity when identifying self and close others in a manner of objective vs subjective to see if there are activation variances between the two. Thirdly, research needs to use non-personality traits as well as personality traits to take into account the importance of non-personality traits to the evolutionary needs of an organism. Fourthly, the research should aim to prove that humans, “should identify with those close to us, although not as strongly as with ourselves."<ref name=":0" /> These four aims were the four that structured the hypotheses in his study, and provide blueprint for further research to test.
Evidence to support the theory
In Munevar’s study, they compared self vs other conditions in which personality trait adjectives were rated in terms of Self vs Best Friend, Self vs Bill Gates, and Best Friend vs Bill Gates. He used a blocked-design fMRI paradigm, where non-personality and personality trait adjectives were rated as to whether they applied to themselves or other. The four hypotheses were as follows: (1) Self conditions would show a different pattern of brain activation from those shown by Best Friend (i.e., close other) and Bill Gates (i.e., far other) conditions; (2) our data should exhibit a fair degree of distributive performance by the brain in responding to these attribution tasks; and (3) the resulting patterns of activation should show some overlap with structures normally involved in preparedness to action (motion). In addition, (4) the Best Friend condition would also differ from the Bill Gates condition.<ref name":0" /> The study found that several areas of the brain were active when doing the tasks related to ‘Self’ and Best Friend. In support of the first hypothesis (1), there was very significant differential activation in BA 31 (covering part of posterior cingulate gyrus and the medial parietal), and the substantia nigra.<ref namegillihan/> There was significant activity in the right and left portions of BA 23, and the caudate tail. In a lesser degree, there was some activity in the BA 10 and the thalamus. There was also greater activation in BA 24, particularly the anterior cingulate cortex, in Self-Bill Gates condition compared to the Best Friend-Bill Gates condition. With these results, there is different brain patterns shown by Best Friend and Bill Gate conditions. The contrasting results found also support the second hypothesis (2), and indicate that a large number of distributive structures throughout the brain are used when doing a self-attribution task.
In support of the third hypothesis (3), he found a large amount of activation of the substantia nigra (key stricture of basal ganglia for action), in addition to the activation of the caudate nucleus of the basal ganglia. These areas in the brain are known to be crucial to the process of movement, and thus an overlap with these structures supports their hypothesis.
In support of the fourth hypothesis (4), the greater activation of BA 24 in comparison of Best Friend vs Bill Gates condition and the Self-Bill Gates condition points to show that humans strongly identify with those you are close to us, and less strongly with ourselves.
The results displayed that the brain areas that we use for thinking about ourselves may also be used for thinking about those who are important to us. The fact that there is this relationship with multiple parts of the brain being active during both goes to show that there is an association between the two, furthering to suggest that one area in the brain nor one unified mechanism is not responsible for the self. The results also support the evolutionary expectation of a connection between self and the preparedness for action.<ref name":0" /> The activation of key areas in the basal ganglia and the differential activation of BA 31 by the self-conditions in contrast with the Best Friend conditions in this study, further support the idea of personality being a product of the unconscious self.<ref name":0" />
Future work
From the results seen in Munevar’s study, there are several implications for the future progress of this theory. Since the study had a limitation of gender impacting the results of the conditions of Self vs Best Friend and Best Friend vs Bill Gates, further research should be done that classify results of fMRI by each gender. Another positive direction this study points to is by studying brains with deficits in activation of the anterior cingulate that bring problems when identifying self from non-self. This problem is prevalent in mental disorders such as schizophrenia, autism, and late-stage , where the ability to differentiate self vs other is compromised.<ref name":0" /> Further research should use the results of Munevar's study and continue on to dissect the paradoxes and problems of traditional conceptions, while focusing on the evolutionary biology of the brain. Overall, the research done on the Evolutionary Theory of Self is promising and provides fruitful insight to the possibility of discovering new conclusions on what we know about the self.<ref name":0" />