Contact lenses are usually made of plastic and they enable a person to see without having to wear glasses. In short, contact lenses are a substitute for eyeglasses. Contact lenses are sometimes used for therapeutic purposes for dealing with particular eye diseases. Wearing of contact lenses entails a lot of interaction between the eye doctor, optician and patient. So let’s take a look at the process of getting checked and consequently getting fitted out for contact lenses.
In the first place, the doctor will conduct an eye test to ascertain if your eyes are in good enough health for wearing contact lenses. Once this is established, then your eyes will be measured and evaluated by a fitter or optometrist who will fit your contact lenses for you and teach you how to use them and maintain them. If you have any problems initially, your optician will give you assistance in sorting out the problem. However, you will probably have to make follow-up visits to your eye doctor who will monitor your progress to make sure that all is well.
Accidental diplomacy is the practice by a government of inadvertently engaging in international diplomacy after all attempts at saying diplomacy has been exhausted have failed to produce diplomatic results. Politico coined the term in September of 2013 after Secretary of State John Kerry engaged in it while trying to amass support for a military strike on Syria at a news conference in London. Though this may be the first reported instance of this kind of diplomacy, it may have historical precedents, and based on this instance alone, it may have a promising future in international relations.
The accidental diplomat's key tool is the gaffe, in which a state official unintentionally thinks, and says sensical, reality-based words that deviate from an ideological script and its inherent truthiness.
The accidental diplomat's key tool is the gaffe, in which a state official unintentionally thinks, and says sensical, reality-based words that deviate from an ideological script and its inherent truthiness.
Wasser et al. (2006) published a study focused on the examination and comparison of wild growing samples of Ganoderma sp. from China, a fungus of the genus Ganoderma, which has very important medicinal properties as a producer of hundreds of biologically active substances.
A new variety given the name Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae was described as new for science, revealed in natural collections from China.
The name is given in honour of Dr Jannie Tay, who has been most interested in the study of this very important medicinal species and for directing our attention to studying this very important taxon of genus Ganoderma from China.
Morphology and taxonomy
Examination and morphological analysis of the wild growing samples of Ganoderma sp. and their comparison with specimens of Ganoderma lucidum complex, including G. tsugae and G. resinaceum, showed that it is close to G. tsugae but differ in some features from the type of material of G. tsugae.
Certain specific features that G. tsugae var. jannieae has, differing it from type material on Ganoderma tsugae, was revealed. These characteristics are: (i) almost full absence of inflated skeletals in medullar tissues and poor expression (to absence) of white outer fleshy medullar tissue; (ii) more pronounced pillars and, consequently, finer spore ornamentation; (iii) slightly thicker spore wall; (iv) a consistently shorter and broader spore apex; (v) extremely poor expression of plate-like depressions of the spore surface. The medullar tissues are rather deep coloured. This material corresponds well to G. tsugae and also seems to gravitate to G. resinaceum, but sharply differs from the latter by smaller pores and thinner and softer context.
Book published
A book was published on the Ganoderma lucidum complex (Ganodermataceae, Polyporales) with special attention to the G. tsugae lineage of this complex.
The book provides a review of species subdivision concepts in G. lucidum complex with special attention to the conifer - inhabiting species, as with G. tsugae, G. valesiacum, and G. carnosum. All taxonomically valued, essential morphological structures are discussed. SEM researches show that spores in the G. tsugae lineage sharply differ from those in the G. lucidum conglomerate (incl. G. lucidum var. carnosum and G. lucidum var. valesiacum). A species key and descriptions of taxa of the G. lucidum complex, distributed in subtropical and temperate area of the Northern Hemisphere, are given. Special attention was also paid to Chinese material of G. tsugae, which was attributed to an independent variety - G. tsguae. var. jannieae, due to its deviating features in basidiocarp construction and basidiospore morphology.
Two patents have been granted to this new and distinct strain of Ganoderma mushroom, Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae.
The FIRST PATENT:
"New higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 and biologically active biomass and extracts therefrom".
The first patent relates to the biomass and extracts of Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 which are rich in nutriceutical agents and biologically active compounds including carbohydrates and proteins rich in essential amino acids and further comprising vitamins, lipids rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidant agents, minerals, melanin and free-radical scavenging agents.
THE SECOND PATENT
“Novel beta-glucans isolated from the higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae”.
The second patent relates to the highly soluble in water novel ß-glucan that can be obtained from the fruiting bodies or the submerged cultivated mycelium biomass of the higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 for use as nutriceuticals, dietary supplements, food products or beverages, cosmetic products, and for therapy.
A new variety given the name Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae was described as new for science, revealed in natural collections from China.
The name is given in honour of Dr Jannie Tay, who has been most interested in the study of this very important medicinal species and for directing our attention to studying this very important taxon of genus Ganoderma from China.
Morphology and taxonomy
Examination and morphological analysis of the wild growing samples of Ganoderma sp. and their comparison with specimens of Ganoderma lucidum complex, including G. tsugae and G. resinaceum, showed that it is close to G. tsugae but differ in some features from the type of material of G. tsugae.
Certain specific features that G. tsugae var. jannieae has, differing it from type material on Ganoderma tsugae, was revealed. These characteristics are: (i) almost full absence of inflated skeletals in medullar tissues and poor expression (to absence) of white outer fleshy medullar tissue; (ii) more pronounced pillars and, consequently, finer spore ornamentation; (iii) slightly thicker spore wall; (iv) a consistently shorter and broader spore apex; (v) extremely poor expression of plate-like depressions of the spore surface. The medullar tissues are rather deep coloured. This material corresponds well to G. tsugae and also seems to gravitate to G. resinaceum, but sharply differs from the latter by smaller pores and thinner and softer context.
Book published
A book was published on the Ganoderma lucidum complex (Ganodermataceae, Polyporales) with special attention to the G. tsugae lineage of this complex.
The book provides a review of species subdivision concepts in G. lucidum complex with special attention to the conifer - inhabiting species, as with G. tsugae, G. valesiacum, and G. carnosum. All taxonomically valued, essential morphological structures are discussed. SEM researches show that spores in the G. tsugae lineage sharply differ from those in the G. lucidum conglomerate (incl. G. lucidum var. carnosum and G. lucidum var. valesiacum). A species key and descriptions of taxa of the G. lucidum complex, distributed in subtropical and temperate area of the Northern Hemisphere, are given. Special attention was also paid to Chinese material of G. tsugae, which was attributed to an independent variety - G. tsguae. var. jannieae, due to its deviating features in basidiocarp construction and basidiospore morphology.
Two patents have been granted to this new and distinct strain of Ganoderma mushroom, Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae.
The FIRST PATENT:
"New higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 and biologically active biomass and extracts therefrom".
The first patent relates to the biomass and extracts of Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 which are rich in nutriceutical agents and biologically active compounds including carbohydrates and proteins rich in essential amino acids and further comprising vitamins, lipids rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidant agents, minerals, melanin and free-radical scavenging agents.
THE SECOND PATENT
“Novel beta-glucans isolated from the higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae”.
The second patent relates to the highly soluble in water novel ß-glucan that can be obtained from the fruiting bodies or the submerged cultivated mycelium biomass of the higher Basidiomycetes medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae var. jannieae strain Tay-1 for use as nutriceuticals, dietary supplements, food products or beverages, cosmetic products, and for therapy.
Portfolio management for new products is used to select a portfolio of new product development projects to achieve the following goals:
*Maximize the profitability or value of the portfolio
*provide balance and support the strategy of the enterprise.
This article is about portfolio management for new software products.
Product development
Method engineering focuses on product software and information systems development methods. Product software is defined as software with accompanying materials which is sold in a particular market. Examples of product software are ERP software, office software and software development tools.
Portfolio management
How should a company invest its product development resources effectively? And how should it prioritize its development projects and allocate resources among them?
These are crucial issues in new product portfolio management. A company who is able to optimize its R&D investments will have success in the future.
Portfolio management is a management challenge for three reasons:
# a successful new product effort is fundamental to business success. This translates into portfolio management: the ability to select projects today that will become new product winners tomorrow.
# new product development is the manifestation of the strategy of the enterprise. One of the most important ways for a company to operationalize its strategy is through the new products it develops. If new product initiatives are wrong, either the wrong projects or the wrong balance between projects, the company fails at implementing its strategy.
# portfolio management is about allocation of the company’s resources. The goal of a company should be to create value for the shareholders. Technology and marketing resources simply are too limited to waste on the wrong projects. The consequences of poor portfolio management are clear: A company spills the limited resources and as a result does not give deserving projects a chance.
Much research has been done to discover the reason of new product success: Research (Cooper et al., 2000) has shown that there are ten critical success factors:
#Seek differentiated, superior products.
#Do your up-front homework.
#Take the voice of the customer into account.
#Demand a clear and early product definition.
#Plan and resource the market launch early.
#Build strict go/kill decision points into your process.
#Organize around cross-functional project teams.
#Attack from a position of strength.
#Build an international orientation into your new product process.
#The role and support of top management is central to success.
Product lining
Portfolio management is linked with product lining. Product lining is the marketing strategy of offering several related products individually (Ardis, M., Daley, N., Hoffman, D.M., Siy, H. and Weiss, D., 2000). A line can comprise related (software) products of various functionalities, qualities or prices (Brownsword, L. and Clements, P., 1996). Line depth refers to the number of product variants in a line. Line consistency refers to how closely related the products that make up the line are.
Domain and application engineering
Recently several organizations have promoted the idea that systems should be developed using domain analysis to generate a domain-wide model of requirements, followed by a domain-wide architecture, followed by domain-applicable software components. This activity is called domain engineering. A complementary activity, application engineering, then takes place to produce the requirements document, design, and software components for a specific member of the family. Application engineering can be linked to product lining, when various similar software products are created from domain-applicable software components.
*Maximize the profitability or value of the portfolio
*provide balance and support the strategy of the enterprise.
This article is about portfolio management for new software products.
Product development
Method engineering focuses on product software and information systems development methods. Product software is defined as software with accompanying materials which is sold in a particular market. Examples of product software are ERP software, office software and software development tools.
Portfolio management
How should a company invest its product development resources effectively? And how should it prioritize its development projects and allocate resources among them?
These are crucial issues in new product portfolio management. A company who is able to optimize its R&D investments will have success in the future.
Portfolio management is a management challenge for three reasons:
# a successful new product effort is fundamental to business success. This translates into portfolio management: the ability to select projects today that will become new product winners tomorrow.
# new product development is the manifestation of the strategy of the enterprise. One of the most important ways for a company to operationalize its strategy is through the new products it develops. If new product initiatives are wrong, either the wrong projects or the wrong balance between projects, the company fails at implementing its strategy.
# portfolio management is about allocation of the company’s resources. The goal of a company should be to create value for the shareholders. Technology and marketing resources simply are too limited to waste on the wrong projects. The consequences of poor portfolio management are clear: A company spills the limited resources and as a result does not give deserving projects a chance.
Much research has been done to discover the reason of new product success: Research (Cooper et al., 2000) has shown that there are ten critical success factors:
#Seek differentiated, superior products.
#Do your up-front homework.
#Take the voice of the customer into account.
#Demand a clear and early product definition.
#Plan and resource the market launch early.
#Build strict go/kill decision points into your process.
#Organize around cross-functional project teams.
#Attack from a position of strength.
#Build an international orientation into your new product process.
#The role and support of top management is central to success.
Product lining
Portfolio management is linked with product lining. Product lining is the marketing strategy of offering several related products individually (Ardis, M., Daley, N., Hoffman, D.M., Siy, H. and Weiss, D., 2000). A line can comprise related (software) products of various functionalities, qualities or prices (Brownsword, L. and Clements, P., 1996). Line depth refers to the number of product variants in a line. Line consistency refers to how closely related the products that make up the line are.
Domain and application engineering
Recently several organizations have promoted the idea that systems should be developed using domain analysis to generate a domain-wide model of requirements, followed by a domain-wide architecture, followed by domain-applicable software components. This activity is called domain engineering. A complementary activity, application engineering, then takes place to produce the requirements document, design, and software components for a specific member of the family. Application engineering can be linked to product lining, when various similar software products are created from domain-applicable software components.