The Federalists
Back when the U.S. was a small country, the Federalists were the leading party of the eighteenth century. The first president who was a member of this party was John Adams. After his defeat for re-election in 1800, the Federalists slowly started to lose power. It officially disappeared in 1820.
The Democratic-Republicans
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson was elected president. Jefferson was the leader of a new and popular party called the Democratic-Republicans. Unlike the Federalists, the Democratic-Republicans remained in power until 1828, when it broke-up.
The Democrats
Andrew Jackson lost the election of 1824 to John Auincy Adams because of a "corrupt bargain" between Adams and Speaker of the House Henry Clay. In self-defense, Jackson's supporters formed the modern Democratic party. It lost power in 1840, 1860, 1896, 1920, 1952, 1976, and 2000. It has power today.
The National-Republicans
The only party left to oppose the growing Democratic Party was the National-Republican party, who backed John Quincy Adams in 1828. After Adams' defeat, the party broke-up.
The Free-Masons
In the 1830s, a new party arose to oppose the Democrats, the Free-Mason party. It mainly opposed Jackson's ideas and opposed secret societies, like the Masons. However, it only survived two elections before it broke-up.
The Whigs
During the 1830s, break-aways from the National-Republicans and the Free-Masons fromed the Whig party to oppose the Democrats. It lost it's first election in 1836, but gained the presidency in 1840. It rised and fell in power only in 1848. It then broke-up.
The American Know-Nothings
In the 1850s, break-aways from the Whigs made-up yet another party, the American Know-Nothings. It's first canidate it ran was former president Millard Fillmore. However, it servived for two elections before it's break-up.
The Rebublicans
The next party to survive more than two elections was the Republican party. It was formed by break-away Whigs and American Know-Nothings. It would rise and fall to power from 1860 to 2004.
The Constitutional Union
In the election of 1860, a new party called the Constitutional Union fought for the office. It survived for a surprising three elections and in two of them it gained the office.
The Southern Democratics
The Democratic Party split-up in the 1860 election. The southern part of the party formed the Southern Democratic party. It collasped after the 1860 election.
The Liberty Party
Although it existed since the 1836 election, the Liberty Party reached it's peak in the 1860 election, although it lost. The party still exists today since it's formation from break-away Democrats.
The Free-Soilers
In 1848, a new anti-slavery party called the Free-Soil party nominated former president Martin Van Buren for president. However, it still lost. It died in 1852.
The Independece Party
First formed in 1820 under John Quincy Adams, it disappeared for nearly two hundred years before it made a comeback in the 2000 election, which it lost.
The Populist Party
In the 1890s, some farmers and silver-owning people formed the Populist party to oppose the gold-backing Republican party. Even though it planned to extend it's place in political parties, it disappeared after it's fourth election.
The Progressive Party
First formed in 1896, the party did not find a canidate to nominate until former president Thoedore Roosevelt accepted the party's nomination in 1912. It disappeared after the election.
The Socialist Party
First formed as the Workingman's party in 1874, the party has found little canidates to nominate. It still exists but is near collapsion.
The Socialist Labor Party
A generatly different basis from the original party, the Socialist Labor party survived for one election. It then disappeared.
The Greenback Party
The latest party to be formed(in 1996), the Greenback Party has ran in two elections so far.
Political Party Trivia
Only twelve presidents have come from third parties: John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Abraham Lincoln(as a Constiutional Union party member in the 1864 election), and Andrew Johnson.
In all, 18 third parties have been created, from the Frederalists to the Greenbacks.
Back when the U.S. was a small country, the Federalists were the leading party of the eighteenth century. The first president who was a member of this party was John Adams. After his defeat for re-election in 1800, the Federalists slowly started to lose power. It officially disappeared in 1820.
The Democratic-Republicans
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson was elected president. Jefferson was the leader of a new and popular party called the Democratic-Republicans. Unlike the Federalists, the Democratic-Republicans remained in power until 1828, when it broke-up.
The Democrats
Andrew Jackson lost the election of 1824 to John Auincy Adams because of a "corrupt bargain" between Adams and Speaker of the House Henry Clay. In self-defense, Jackson's supporters formed the modern Democratic party. It lost power in 1840, 1860, 1896, 1920, 1952, 1976, and 2000. It has power today.
The National-Republicans
The only party left to oppose the growing Democratic Party was the National-Republican party, who backed John Quincy Adams in 1828. After Adams' defeat, the party broke-up.
The Free-Masons
In the 1830s, a new party arose to oppose the Democrats, the Free-Mason party. It mainly opposed Jackson's ideas and opposed secret societies, like the Masons. However, it only survived two elections before it broke-up.
The Whigs
During the 1830s, break-aways from the National-Republicans and the Free-Masons fromed the Whig party to oppose the Democrats. It lost it's first election in 1836, but gained the presidency in 1840. It rised and fell in power only in 1848. It then broke-up.
The American Know-Nothings
In the 1850s, break-aways from the Whigs made-up yet another party, the American Know-Nothings. It's first canidate it ran was former president Millard Fillmore. However, it servived for two elections before it's break-up.
The Rebublicans
The next party to survive more than two elections was the Republican party. It was formed by break-away Whigs and American Know-Nothings. It would rise and fall to power from 1860 to 2004.
The Constitutional Union
In the election of 1860, a new party called the Constitutional Union fought for the office. It survived for a surprising three elections and in two of them it gained the office.
The Southern Democratics
The Democratic Party split-up in the 1860 election. The southern part of the party formed the Southern Democratic party. It collasped after the 1860 election.
The Liberty Party
Although it existed since the 1836 election, the Liberty Party reached it's peak in the 1860 election, although it lost. The party still exists today since it's formation from break-away Democrats.
The Free-Soilers
In 1848, a new anti-slavery party called the Free-Soil party nominated former president Martin Van Buren for president. However, it still lost. It died in 1852.
The Independece Party
First formed in 1820 under John Quincy Adams, it disappeared for nearly two hundred years before it made a comeback in the 2000 election, which it lost.
The Populist Party
In the 1890s, some farmers and silver-owning people formed the Populist party to oppose the gold-backing Republican party. Even though it planned to extend it's place in political parties, it disappeared after it's fourth election.
The Progressive Party
First formed in 1896, the party did not find a canidate to nominate until former president Thoedore Roosevelt accepted the party's nomination in 1912. It disappeared after the election.
The Socialist Party
First formed as the Workingman's party in 1874, the party has found little canidates to nominate. It still exists but is near collapsion.
The Socialist Labor Party
A generatly different basis from the original party, the Socialist Labor party survived for one election. It then disappeared.
The Greenback Party
The latest party to be formed(in 1996), the Greenback Party has ran in two elections so far.
Political Party Trivia
Only twelve presidents have come from third parties: John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Abraham Lincoln(as a Constiutional Union party member in the 1864 election), and Andrew Johnson.
In all, 18 third parties have been created, from the Frederalists to the Greenbacks.
Branding National Myths and Symbols (BNMS), is a new field of research which focuses on raising awareness for nations to brand/market their own myths and symbols. Branding National Myths and Symbols blends the theories of marketing, cultural communications, sociology, public relations and semiotics. It seeks to raise awareness of a nation’s (or a collective group’s) internal myths and symbols for the purposes of raising cultural relations between nations globally.
The principles of BNMS are related to, but are different from 'Nation branding'. The main difference between two principles is that 'nation branding' is primarily concerned with raising the global image of a nation for better economic return. In contrast, BNMS is concerned with the revealing/demonstrating the meanings behind a nation’s internal myths and symbols. In other words, ‘Nation branding’ is the selling /promotion of the external identity of a nation, and BNMS is the revealing of their internal identity to achieve better global relations between nations. Primarily, the BNMS is concerned with building better global national interactions by breaking down mutual misunderstandings that are contained in all nation’s myths and symbols. Each national myth and symbol has its own hidden meanings which reinforces these misunderstanding between nations.
The term, ‘Branding National Myths and Symbols’ was first coined by Hatice Sitki who proposed in ‘Myths, Symbols and Branding: Türkish National Identity and the EU’ , that these long existing myths keep us from truly understanding and working with our ‘other’. Sitki proposes that cultural mutual misunderstandings will continue between nations until they learn to understand one another’s cultural myths and symbols. Sitki explains in the ‘Cyclical Formula ‘Us/Other+Other’ how Türkey and Europe/EU can benefit by accepting that they have, and continue, to play a triple role to one another. Their triple relationship is mirrored in their national myths and symbols. Jonathan Rose writes that national myths and symbols reinforces and creates a ‘…community and binding . These myths are not judged on their veracity but rather their metaphorical and symbolic meaning’. Rose writes that the messages within these ‘created’ myths are disseminated and ultimately maintained through its ‘civil society from its institutions, public policies and government’.
BNMS argues that collective groups such as Europe or the EU do not need to be ‘branded’ to improve their economic value. Rather, they need to be ‘branded’ to achieve their cultural goal of moving from a ‘poly-cultural’ society to becoming a ‘multicultural’ society. One way for this to be achieved is for nations to realise and work with the hidden meanings of their myths and symbols. Vijay Prashad proposes that the concept of polyculturalism is a way to combat anti-racism. He defines poly cultures as a ‘provisional concept grounded in antiracism, rather than in diversity…’. Roger Hewitt takes a different approach to how peoples with different languages can understand each other. He argues that the concept of polyculturalism is ‘not intrinsically equal’.
The principles of BNMS are related to, but are different from 'Nation branding'. The main difference between two principles is that 'nation branding' is primarily concerned with raising the global image of a nation for better economic return. In contrast, BNMS is concerned with the revealing/demonstrating the meanings behind a nation’s internal myths and symbols. In other words, ‘Nation branding’ is the selling /promotion of the external identity of a nation, and BNMS is the revealing of their internal identity to achieve better global relations between nations. Primarily, the BNMS is concerned with building better global national interactions by breaking down mutual misunderstandings that are contained in all nation’s myths and symbols. Each national myth and symbol has its own hidden meanings which reinforces these misunderstanding between nations.
The term, ‘Branding National Myths and Symbols’ was first coined by Hatice Sitki who proposed in ‘Myths, Symbols and Branding: Türkish National Identity and the EU’ , that these long existing myths keep us from truly understanding and working with our ‘other’. Sitki proposes that cultural mutual misunderstandings will continue between nations until they learn to understand one another’s cultural myths and symbols. Sitki explains in the ‘Cyclical Formula ‘Us/Other+Other’ how Türkey and Europe/EU can benefit by accepting that they have, and continue, to play a triple role to one another. Their triple relationship is mirrored in their national myths and symbols. Jonathan Rose writes that national myths and symbols reinforces and creates a ‘…community and binding . These myths are not judged on their veracity but rather their metaphorical and symbolic meaning’. Rose writes that the messages within these ‘created’ myths are disseminated and ultimately maintained through its ‘civil society from its institutions, public policies and government’.
BNMS argues that collective groups such as Europe or the EU do not need to be ‘branded’ to improve their economic value. Rather, they need to be ‘branded’ to achieve their cultural goal of moving from a ‘poly-cultural’ society to becoming a ‘multicultural’ society. One way for this to be achieved is for nations to realise and work with the hidden meanings of their myths and symbols. Vijay Prashad proposes that the concept of polyculturalism is a way to combat anti-racism. He defines poly cultures as a ‘provisional concept grounded in antiracism, rather than in diversity…’. Roger Hewitt takes a different approach to how peoples with different languages can understand each other. He argues that the concept of polyculturalism is ‘not intrinsically equal’.
, also known as Slave Doll II, continues the erotic adventures of Aki, the android maid who's capable of collecting sperm for species preservation. In part one, Aki is kidnapped and altered after boarding a train chartered by her master. She is then altered and turned into a fighting android for a competition. However, this is actually an excuse to have the poor android sexually abused.
Synopsis
In part two, Aki's sperm collecting days are over, and rather than being scrapped, she serves an excentric professor as his maid. The professor then gives Aki a bracelet that changes the maid into a super-crimefighter (in the mold of the magical girl). However, on her first mission, Aki is once again sexually molested... and the ringleader turns into a real surprise!
Synopsis
In part two, Aki's sperm collecting days are over, and rather than being scrapped, she serves an excentric professor as his maid. The professor then gives Aki a bracelet that changes the maid into a super-crimefighter (in the mold of the magical girl). However, on her first mission, Aki is once again sexually molested... and the ringleader turns into a real surprise!
The Super Single is a motorcycle road racing class proposed by Gavin Trippe. Trippe is the Motorcycle Hall of Famer credited with creating the supermoto class. The Super Single class would be based on modified single cylinder engine bodies. One reviewer described the machines as:
...a single-cylinder 450-cc dirt bike that's been converted into an entry-level road racer. The frame, subframe, swing arm, motor and transmission are all stock, but the wheels, tires, suspension and bodywork have all been modified for on-track use and general skulduggery.
Super Single is also a name for double wide tires used on transport trucks.
...a single-cylinder 450-cc dirt bike that's been converted into an entry-level road racer. The frame, subframe, swing arm, motor and transmission are all stock, but the wheels, tires, suspension and bodywork have all been modified for on-track use and general skulduggery.
Super Single is also a name for double wide tires used on transport trucks.