Jennifer Krum (born Jennifer Crum on June 11, 1979, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.) was Miss Amputee in 2004 and the first amputee model to appear on Playboy Online. She lost her left hand and forearm due to an automobile accident at the age of 5. Jennifer lived a normal childhood and participated in a variety of sports and hobbies despite her disability.
She attended Penn State University and majored in human development and child studies. She graduated in 2001.
Jennifer has made three appearances on Howard Stern's radio show. She has competed in Maxim Magazine's "Hometown Hotties" contest, as well as various other modeling competitions and events.
She attended Penn State University and majored in human development and child studies. She graduated in 2001.
Jennifer has made three appearances on Howard Stern's radio show. She has competed in Maxim Magazine's "Hometown Hotties" contest, as well as various other modeling competitions and events.
Roller coaster phobia is a colloquial and slang term describing an individual's fear of roller coasters and other rides which involve excessive heights, restraints or g-forces on the body. While roller coasters are a popular theme park attraction, certain people feel nauseated, afraid, dizzy, or unsafe when riding roller coasters. In many cases, this fear is related to other phobias - such as acrophobia, claustrophobia or emetophobia - a condition like vertigo, or to a traumatic event. While not an officially recognized phobia, some cases have been treated successfully with a specialized therapy program.
Contributing factors
Acrophobia
Most roller coasters combine substantial heights with seemingly insignificant support, as well as free-falls and the illusion of uncontrolled drops. Because acrophobia involves an extreme fear of heights and falling, these conditions could cause someone who is an acrophobic to have an extremely negative reaction to riding roller coasters.
Claustrophobia
Claustrophobia involves two parts, fear of physical restraint and fear of suffocation. The safety harnesses and enclosures on some rollercoaster and other rides are very restrictive, in order to protect the riders from harm. In addition, the speed of these rides can cause air displacement that makes it difficult for riders to catch their breath. Both of these issues can trigger claustrophobic responses in riders.
Vertigo
Vertigo is a type of dizziness where a person feels as if they or the objects around them are moving when they are not. Common causes of vertigo include looking down from a great height and persistent movement, hence it contributing to a phobia of riding rollercoasters.
Emetophobia
Emetophobia is the fear of vomiting. Individuals who suffer from any degree of motion sickness are more likely to become nauseous and vomit during or after riding a rollercoaster. If they also experience anxiety as a result of the need to vomit, this can contribute to a fear of rides that can involve fast and erratic movements.
Traumatic experience
If an individual does not have other phobias which can elicit fear responses on a rollercoaster, it's possibly the result of an intense, frightening event that happened while on a ride - in particular being on a ride that experienced mechanical failure or witnessing such a failure. It could also result from someone being allowed to ride a rollercoaster when they were too young to be able to process the sensations they experienced. In the case of someone old enough to ride on a rollercoaster, trauma may also result from inexperience, resulting in a first-time experience on a rollercoaster being more frightening than anticipated.
Symptoms
Coasterphobia, like most recognized and unrecognized phobias, is an anxiety condition. Therefore its main symptom is a panic attack, which can include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, irregular heartbeat, sweating, nausea, heart palpitations, and dizziness, and a sense of dread.
Fear of these rides is similar to a fear of flying in an airplane, in that while statistically, it is rare for someone to be injured or die from riding on a rollercoaster, it is an activity which carries some risk. Therefore they fall under phobias that are extreme over-reactions to normal self-preservation instincts.
Treatment
In 1999, Dr. Michael Otto, Ph.D. - director of the Translational Research Program at the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders and Professor of Psychology at Boston University - was hired by Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida to come up with a solution to rollercoaster aversion caused by fear. Michael Otto worked with fellow psychologist Brian Newmark to develop the "Coasterphobia Stress Management Program."
Contributing factors
Acrophobia
Most roller coasters combine substantial heights with seemingly insignificant support, as well as free-falls and the illusion of uncontrolled drops. Because acrophobia involves an extreme fear of heights and falling, these conditions could cause someone who is an acrophobic to have an extremely negative reaction to riding roller coasters.
Claustrophobia
Claustrophobia involves two parts, fear of physical restraint and fear of suffocation. The safety harnesses and enclosures on some rollercoaster and other rides are very restrictive, in order to protect the riders from harm. In addition, the speed of these rides can cause air displacement that makes it difficult for riders to catch their breath. Both of these issues can trigger claustrophobic responses in riders.
Vertigo
Vertigo is a type of dizziness where a person feels as if they or the objects around them are moving when they are not. Common causes of vertigo include looking down from a great height and persistent movement, hence it contributing to a phobia of riding rollercoasters.
Emetophobia
Emetophobia is the fear of vomiting. Individuals who suffer from any degree of motion sickness are more likely to become nauseous and vomit during or after riding a rollercoaster. If they also experience anxiety as a result of the need to vomit, this can contribute to a fear of rides that can involve fast and erratic movements.
Traumatic experience
If an individual does not have other phobias which can elicit fear responses on a rollercoaster, it's possibly the result of an intense, frightening event that happened while on a ride - in particular being on a ride that experienced mechanical failure or witnessing such a failure. It could also result from someone being allowed to ride a rollercoaster when they were too young to be able to process the sensations they experienced. In the case of someone old enough to ride on a rollercoaster, trauma may also result from inexperience, resulting in a first-time experience on a rollercoaster being more frightening than anticipated.
Symptoms
Coasterphobia, like most recognized and unrecognized phobias, is an anxiety condition. Therefore its main symptom is a panic attack, which can include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, irregular heartbeat, sweating, nausea, heart palpitations, and dizziness, and a sense of dread.
Fear of these rides is similar to a fear of flying in an airplane, in that while statistically, it is rare for someone to be injured or die from riding on a rollercoaster, it is an activity which carries some risk. Therefore they fall under phobias that are extreme over-reactions to normal self-preservation instincts.
Treatment
In 1999, Dr. Michael Otto, Ph.D. - director of the Translational Research Program at the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders and Professor of Psychology at Boston University - was hired by Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida to come up with a solution to rollercoaster aversion caused by fear. Michael Otto worked with fellow psychologist Brian Newmark to develop the "Coasterphobia Stress Management Program."
Runbox Solutions AS is a company that provides e-mail and web hosting services worldwide. Runbox Solutions was founded in March 2011 and is headquartered in Oslo, where the Runbox services were launched in 2000. Mainly employee-owned, Runbox Solutions AS works closely with the Norwegian systems management company Copyleft Solutions AS.
History
* 10 October 1999: Runbox AS founded
* 16 August 2000: the free e-mail service Runbox Mail Manager launched, pioneering online storage of e-mail with offering of 100 MB storage space and e-mail consolidation tools
* March 2001 Runbox Mail Manager reached 130,000 registered accounts, increasing by 1300 per day
* 7 October 2001: Runbox Mail Manager was converted from a free e-mail service to a subscription-based service, three percent of free users converted to paid service
* 1 July 2004: e-mail storage space increased to 1 GB
* 21 January 2005: e-mail hosting services launched
* 28 September 2005: e-mail storage space increased to 10 GB
* 25 March 2011: Runbox Solutions AS founded by former employees and key people in Runbox AS
* 1 June 2011: Runbox e-mail services acquired by Runbox Solutions AS from Runbox AS, now renamed to Internet Upside AS
* 14 June 2011: e-mail servers moved to a facility provided by Digiplex and Copyleft Solutions, the company now managing the Runbox servers
* 2012 - 2016: Increased attention and growth following the surveillance and data privacy debate in the global media.
* 2017 - 2018: Additional security and privacy measures and implementation of the EU's GDPR.
* 21 November, 2018: Runbox 7, a webmail app with synchronized email indexing built with and Xapian, launched in open beta.
* 12 December, 2018: Runbox 7 Webmail App launched as open source software.
Services
The core Runbox e-mail service consists of open source components and a web application developed by Runbox with funding from The Research Council of Norway.
In addition to its webmail service, Runbox offers IMAP, POP, and SMTP support as well as FTP and CalDAV with a focus on security and privacy. Runbox emphasizes the environmental sustainability of its operations, which is anchored in its ethical foundation.
Being located in Norway, Runbox attracted renewed attention in light of the surveillance debate of 2013 and subsequently experienced substantial growth.
History
* 10 October 1999: Runbox AS founded
* 16 August 2000: the free e-mail service Runbox Mail Manager launched, pioneering online storage of e-mail with offering of 100 MB storage space and e-mail consolidation tools
* March 2001 Runbox Mail Manager reached 130,000 registered accounts, increasing by 1300 per day
* 7 October 2001: Runbox Mail Manager was converted from a free e-mail service to a subscription-based service, three percent of free users converted to paid service
* 1 July 2004: e-mail storage space increased to 1 GB
* 21 January 2005: e-mail hosting services launched
* 28 September 2005: e-mail storage space increased to 10 GB
* 25 March 2011: Runbox Solutions AS founded by former employees and key people in Runbox AS
* 1 June 2011: Runbox e-mail services acquired by Runbox Solutions AS from Runbox AS, now renamed to Internet Upside AS
* 14 June 2011: e-mail servers moved to a facility provided by Digiplex and Copyleft Solutions, the company now managing the Runbox servers
* 2012 - 2016: Increased attention and growth following the surveillance and data privacy debate in the global media.
* 2017 - 2018: Additional security and privacy measures and implementation of the EU's GDPR.
* 21 November, 2018: Runbox 7, a webmail app with synchronized email indexing built with and Xapian, launched in open beta.
* 12 December, 2018: Runbox 7 Webmail App launched as open source software.
Services
The core Runbox e-mail service consists of open source components and a web application developed by Runbox with funding from The Research Council of Norway.
In addition to its webmail service, Runbox offers IMAP, POP, and SMTP support as well as FTP and CalDAV with a focus on security and privacy. Runbox emphasizes the environmental sustainability of its operations, which is anchored in its ethical foundation.
Being located in Norway, Runbox attracted renewed attention in light of the surveillance debate of 2013 and subsequently experienced substantial growth.
MMA Lab is a mixed martial arts gym based in Grendale, Arizona. It is notable for producing former and , Benson Henderson.
Overview
John Crouch was a Brazilian jiu-jitsu instructor who taught at a Gracie Academy in Denver, Colorado. Crouch moved to Glendale, Arizona where he and Jason Beck founded MMA lab in 2007.
The most notable fighter produced by the MMA lab is Benson Henderson who became WEC Lightweight Champion as well as UFC Lightweight Champion.When Henderson moved to Arizona, he came across the MMA Lab but had no money. Crouch allowed Henderson to train at the gym for free in exchange for manual labor. Henderson agreed and acted as the gym's janitor where he perform duties such as mopping the floors and cleaning the toilets. Jamie Varner () and Efrain Escudero (winner of the eighth season of The Ultimate Fighter).
Notable fighters
* Benson Henderson
*
* Mario Bautista
* Kyler Phillips
* Mackenzie Dern
* Johnny Case
* Chan Sung Jung
* Alex Caceres
* Bryan Barberena
* Rick Story
Overview
John Crouch was a Brazilian jiu-jitsu instructor who taught at a Gracie Academy in Denver, Colorado. Crouch moved to Glendale, Arizona where he and Jason Beck founded MMA lab in 2007.
The most notable fighter produced by the MMA lab is Benson Henderson who became WEC Lightweight Champion as well as UFC Lightweight Champion.When Henderson moved to Arizona, he came across the MMA Lab but had no money. Crouch allowed Henderson to train at the gym for free in exchange for manual labor. Henderson agreed and acted as the gym's janitor where he perform duties such as mopping the floors and cleaning the toilets. Jamie Varner () and Efrain Escudero (winner of the eighth season of The Ultimate Fighter).
Notable fighters
* Benson Henderson
*
* Mario Bautista
* Kyler Phillips
* Mackenzie Dern
* Johnny Case
* Chan Sung Jung
* Alex Caceres
* Bryan Barberena
* Rick Story