Via Prudensiae (commonly abbreviated VP and nicknamed Volds-Palle or Voldelige Palle) is a Danish generic role-playing game system designed by Ask Agger and Gimle Larsen and published as a single book (ISBN 978-87-7394-329-8) in 1994 by the Danish publishing company Modtryk. "Via prudensiae" is Latin for "the way/road of wisdom".
Only about a thousand copies were printed of the book, because the Danish market for role-playing games is relatively small. Due to the low number of copies, the book is quite rare and hard to obtain. It's normally only available at major libraries in Denmark.
Users of the game system has been given it the Danish nicknames Volds-Palle and Voldelige Palle (meaning Violence-Palle or Violent Palle, where Palle is a Danish boy's name) because of the system's vivid description and very detailed support of grave injuries, such as various disabilities, blood loss, necrosis, etc, and the fact that an unlucky player can die instantly from a single hit. The game system doesn't focus on violence itself though; it's merely a consequence of the focus on realism.
Setting
The game system was designed to be as versatile as possible. Different epochs and themes are easily supported, for example medieval-fantasy theme with swords and magic, present time with guns and tanks or future-high-tech theme with robots and cyborgs.
System
Via Prudensiae is built on the idea, that role-playing should be realistic, but in the same time dramatic and cinematic. As a consequence, the characters and are described quantatively in great detail, and their actions involves some calculations as well.
Like most other role-playing game systems, Via Prudensiae utilizes polyhedral dice to handle outcomes of random actions in a way similar to the d20 system. When an action is performed, the level of the relevant stat is taken and modifiers are added according to special cirumstances. The action succeeds if the player manages to roll a number less than or equal to the modified stat level with a d20 die. If a degree of success is needed, the rolled number is subtracted from the modified stat level to indicate how well the action was performed.
Characters
Characters has advantages and disadvantages, which are similar to Dungeons & Dragons feats. They give some characters certain (positive or negative) properties, for example strong teeth, color blindness or code of honor.
Each character has 11 stats called properties, which describes basic physical and mental properties of the character, for example strength, size and psyche, as well as a myriad of skills, which describes the learned abilities of a character, for example climbing, gun repair or interrogation.
Combat
The combat system is a progressive linear battle system, where characters can do an action when a certain time has elapsed, quite like in the Final Fantasy series. The time is divided into parts called segments, which are each 1/2 second long, and the battle progresses one segment at the time.
Due to the realism of the game system, combat encounters are often avoided by the players, if possible, because a fight is very dangerous and easily becomes fatal. A successful hit or two by a gun or a blade is enough to kill a character, or in best case severely cripple the character due to serious wounds. Due to the difficulty of surviving combat in the game system, a statistic called Luck was invented to enable the characters to act more cinematic and make the battles more exciting.
The overwhelming amount of complicated combat rules demands a lot of the game master and takes a lot of time, especially in larger battles. An alternative turn-based battle system was invented, which could be utilized in such situations, which was much quicker and easier to handle at the cost of realism.
History
After several years as game masters using various game systems, Ask Agger and Gimle Larsen decided to pursue a childhood dream and create their own game system. They were aware of the fact that there already existed numerous excellent game systems, but they all seemed to have unsatisfactory flaws, so they wanted to make a (in their own sense) "perfect" game system.
They wrote a rule book and published it in 1994. The first printing of 500 copies was quickly gone, so another printing was made and was also sold quite quickly. The rule book hasn't been reprinted since.
Criticism
The rules of Via Prudensiae has been criticized for being way to verbose and complex, thus demanding a lot of the game master. This criticism is partially countered by many of the rules being optional and Ask Agger encouraging the users to customize the system to their own preferences as much as they like.
Only about a thousand copies were printed of the book, because the Danish market for role-playing games is relatively small. Due to the low number of copies, the book is quite rare and hard to obtain. It's normally only available at major libraries in Denmark.
Users of the game system has been given it the Danish nicknames Volds-Palle and Voldelige Palle (meaning Violence-Palle or Violent Palle, where Palle is a Danish boy's name) because of the system's vivid description and very detailed support of grave injuries, such as various disabilities, blood loss, necrosis, etc, and the fact that an unlucky player can die instantly from a single hit. The game system doesn't focus on violence itself though; it's merely a consequence of the focus on realism.
Setting
The game system was designed to be as versatile as possible. Different epochs and themes are easily supported, for example medieval-fantasy theme with swords and magic, present time with guns and tanks or future-high-tech theme with robots and cyborgs.
System
Via Prudensiae is built on the idea, that role-playing should be realistic, but in the same time dramatic and cinematic. As a consequence, the characters and are described quantatively in great detail, and their actions involves some calculations as well.
Like most other role-playing game systems, Via Prudensiae utilizes polyhedral dice to handle outcomes of random actions in a way similar to the d20 system. When an action is performed, the level of the relevant stat is taken and modifiers are added according to special cirumstances. The action succeeds if the player manages to roll a number less than or equal to the modified stat level with a d20 die. If a degree of success is needed, the rolled number is subtracted from the modified stat level to indicate how well the action was performed.
Characters
Characters has advantages and disadvantages, which are similar to Dungeons & Dragons feats. They give some characters certain (positive or negative) properties, for example strong teeth, color blindness or code of honor.
Each character has 11 stats called properties, which describes basic physical and mental properties of the character, for example strength, size and psyche, as well as a myriad of skills, which describes the learned abilities of a character, for example climbing, gun repair or interrogation.
Combat
The combat system is a progressive linear battle system, where characters can do an action when a certain time has elapsed, quite like in the Final Fantasy series. The time is divided into parts called segments, which are each 1/2 second long, and the battle progresses one segment at the time.
Due to the realism of the game system, combat encounters are often avoided by the players, if possible, because a fight is very dangerous and easily becomes fatal. A successful hit or two by a gun or a blade is enough to kill a character, or in best case severely cripple the character due to serious wounds. Due to the difficulty of surviving combat in the game system, a statistic called Luck was invented to enable the characters to act more cinematic and make the battles more exciting.
The overwhelming amount of complicated combat rules demands a lot of the game master and takes a lot of time, especially in larger battles. An alternative turn-based battle system was invented, which could be utilized in such situations, which was much quicker and easier to handle at the cost of realism.
History
After several years as game masters using various game systems, Ask Agger and Gimle Larsen decided to pursue a childhood dream and create their own game system. They were aware of the fact that there already existed numerous excellent game systems, but they all seemed to have unsatisfactory flaws, so they wanted to make a (in their own sense) "perfect" game system.
They wrote a rule book and published it in 1994. The first printing of 500 copies was quickly gone, so another printing was made and was also sold quite quickly. The rule book hasn't been reprinted since.
Criticism
The rules of Via Prudensiae has been criticized for being way to verbose and complex, thus demanding a lot of the game master. This criticism is partially countered by many of the rules being optional and Ask Agger encouraging the users to customize the system to their own preferences as much as they like.
NASCAR 2010 is the last EA Sports NASCAR video game. The cover athlete is unknown, but there has been much speculation that it will either be Jimmie Johnson, Dale Earnhardt Jr., Kyle Busch, Joey Logano or Carl Edwards.
Drivers
The drivers are unknown at this time, but if all drivers decide to be in the game, then a list is available at 2009 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series
Platforms
NASCAR 2010 will be on the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360.
Sony
Sony will release the game on the PlayStation 3, but it is unknow whether they will release it on the PlayStation Portable. They will not release it on the PlayStation 2.
Xbox
NASCAR 2010 will be released on the Xbox 360, but not on the original Xbox.
Nintendo
NASCAR and EA Sports have not specified if NASCAR 2010 will be released on the Wii.
See Also
*NASCAR 09
*NASCAR 08
*NASCAR 07
*EA Sports
*NASCAR
Drivers
The drivers are unknown at this time, but if all drivers decide to be in the game, then a list is available at 2009 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series
Platforms
NASCAR 2010 will be on the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360.
Sony
Sony will release the game on the PlayStation 3, but it is unknow whether they will release it on the PlayStation Portable. They will not release it on the PlayStation 2.
Xbox
NASCAR 2010 will be released on the Xbox 360, but not on the original Xbox.
Nintendo
NASCAR and EA Sports have not specified if NASCAR 2010 will be released on the Wii.
See Also
*NASCAR 09
*NASCAR 08
*NASCAR 07
*EA Sports
*NASCAR
Alphabiotics
Alphabiotics (also called Developmental Alphabiotics) is a hands-on profession, founded in 1971 by Virgil Chrane. "The name derives from 'alpha' meaning the first or primary principle and 'biotics' which has to do with life." Alphabiotics International is a member's only association, with its headquarters in Dallas, Texas.
The purpose of Alphabiotics is to administer a hands-on process called 'The Alphabiotic Unification Process' to it members, aimed to subjectively improve or enhance their overall quality of life. As Dr. Chrane puts it: "The purpose of Developmental Alphabiotics is a "binding back to Source" of Member Participants through the Alphabiotic Process, thus unifying the physical with the Spiritual. This makes possible a more full and complete expression of God in all areas of one’s life."
The Alphabiotic Unification process is a manually applied movement of the head, which is administered to the recipient as they lay upon the Alphabiotic Unification platform. This movement does not twist the patient’s head (like a Chiropractic manipulation) but rather stabilizes it securely in a position of slight rotation (10-15 degrees) with the Alphabioticist's stabilizing hand and then a y-axis or straight inferior to superior decompressing force is applied. These two factors,
the lack of twisting and the decompressing force applied are the two most critical and unique attributes of this procedure. The Alphabiotic Unification platform itself looks like a massage table, on a slight incline. It takes approximately 15 to 30 seconds to administer the Alphabiotic Unification process.
Developmental Alphabiotics, although being a 'hands-on' profession is not a form of therapy, alternative or otherwise, but a profession in its own right. Alphabiotics International does not permit its members to present the Alphabiotic Unification Process as a form of therapy or as a healing / treatment method. "Alphabioticists take the position that no person, or outside agency, can actually heal or cure anyone of anything. Natural remission, i.e. self-healing, is the only kind of healing there is."
Developmental Alphabioticists are required to attend a training program in Dallas, which takes around 24 months to complete. At the end of the training, there is an assessment by the training board of Alphabioticists to confirm competency in the hands-on Alphabiotic Unification Process. The board may ask the trainee to attend further sessions, if they have not developed the required level of skill to administer the process. Certified Alphabioticists are required to attend regular training sessions for 'ongoing' assessment.
Dr. Chrane
Virgil Benson Chrane was born in Texas, USA. He grew up alternating between family homes in the San angelo / Abilene areas and his grandparents' ranches in West Texas. He attended Texas Military Institute and San Angelo College. After studies in basic science, he earned doctorate degrees in natural health and philosophy. Dr. Chrane served in the army occupation force, after World War II, in a hospital train unit in Germany.
Dr. Chrane maintained a stress reduction, health maintenance, anti-aging center, seeing hundreds of people each week. He help found Health Radio in the 1950s, taught wellness and sensible living seminars, published and edited a health tabloid (with an over 300,000 a month press run), and authored scientific papers and health and growth related books.
For 16 years Dr. Chrane Jr. and his father worked together on what they called "the Better Idea". Dr. Virgil Chrane, Sr. developed this process over 9 years and used it exclusively, seeing hundreds of patients per day from the 1920's-1960. In 1947 Dr. James W. Parker personally witnessed Dr. Chrane administer the process to 268 people in two hours and twenty minutes. After Dr. Chrane Sr.'s death in 1964, Dr. Chrane Jr. continued his research, and seven years later he founded what he calls "A thoroughly tested, physics-based, holistic helping system".
Alphabiotics (also called Developmental Alphabiotics) is a hands-on profession, founded in 1971 by Virgil Chrane. "The name derives from 'alpha' meaning the first or primary principle and 'biotics' which has to do with life." Alphabiotics International is a member's only association, with its headquarters in Dallas, Texas.
The purpose of Alphabiotics is to administer a hands-on process called 'The Alphabiotic Unification Process' to it members, aimed to subjectively improve or enhance their overall quality of life. As Dr. Chrane puts it: "The purpose of Developmental Alphabiotics is a "binding back to Source" of Member Participants through the Alphabiotic Process, thus unifying the physical with the Spiritual. This makes possible a more full and complete expression of God in all areas of one’s life."
The Alphabiotic Unification process is a manually applied movement of the head, which is administered to the recipient as they lay upon the Alphabiotic Unification platform. This movement does not twist the patient’s head (like a Chiropractic manipulation) but rather stabilizes it securely in a position of slight rotation (10-15 degrees) with the Alphabioticist's stabilizing hand and then a y-axis or straight inferior to superior decompressing force is applied. These two factors,
the lack of twisting and the decompressing force applied are the two most critical and unique attributes of this procedure. The Alphabiotic Unification platform itself looks like a massage table, on a slight incline. It takes approximately 15 to 30 seconds to administer the Alphabiotic Unification process.
Developmental Alphabiotics, although being a 'hands-on' profession is not a form of therapy, alternative or otherwise, but a profession in its own right. Alphabiotics International does not permit its members to present the Alphabiotic Unification Process as a form of therapy or as a healing / treatment method. "Alphabioticists take the position that no person, or outside agency, can actually heal or cure anyone of anything. Natural remission, i.e. self-healing, is the only kind of healing there is."
Developmental Alphabioticists are required to attend a training program in Dallas, which takes around 24 months to complete. At the end of the training, there is an assessment by the training board of Alphabioticists to confirm competency in the hands-on Alphabiotic Unification Process. The board may ask the trainee to attend further sessions, if they have not developed the required level of skill to administer the process. Certified Alphabioticists are required to attend regular training sessions for 'ongoing' assessment.
Dr. Chrane
Virgil Benson Chrane was born in Texas, USA. He grew up alternating between family homes in the San angelo / Abilene areas and his grandparents' ranches in West Texas. He attended Texas Military Institute and San Angelo College. After studies in basic science, he earned doctorate degrees in natural health and philosophy. Dr. Chrane served in the army occupation force, after World War II, in a hospital train unit in Germany.
Dr. Chrane maintained a stress reduction, health maintenance, anti-aging center, seeing hundreds of people each week. He help found Health Radio in the 1950s, taught wellness and sensible living seminars, published and edited a health tabloid (with an over 300,000 a month press run), and authored scientific papers and health and growth related books.
For 16 years Dr. Chrane Jr. and his father worked together on what they called "the Better Idea". Dr. Virgil Chrane, Sr. developed this process over 9 years and used it exclusively, seeing hundreds of patients per day from the 1920's-1960. In 1947 Dr. James W. Parker personally witnessed Dr. Chrane administer the process to 268 people in two hours and twenty minutes. After Dr. Chrane Sr.'s death in 1964, Dr. Chrane Jr. continued his research, and seven years later he founded what he calls "A thoroughly tested, physics-based, holistic helping system".
Troiaresort is a 440-hectare resort development located on the Tróia peninsula, 30 minutes south of Lisbon on Portugal’s Blue Coast. The Troia peninsula is surrounded by 12 miles of beaches and sparkling blue sea, with the Arrábida National Park as a backdrop.
The resort will be divided into four areas. The Central Area will be a centre of commercial activity and will have a marina, casino and conference centre, two four-star aparthotels, one of the five-star hotels, restaurants, bars and shopping facilities. The Beach Area has a beach club and a country club. The Golf and Hotel Resort Area has the second five-star hotel and a a par-72, 18-hole championship golf course designed by Robert Trent Jones Sr. The Eco Resort will have a tennis centre, equestrian centre, archaeological centre and an environment centre.
Troiaresort is being developed by Sonae Turismo Sonae SGPS has a worldwide presence with total assets of €9 billion and 58,000 employees in 14 countries. .
Villas and apartments at Troiaresort are being marketed by IRG International Realty Group , the exclusive affiliate of Christie’s Great Estates in Portugal. IRG is a founding member of EREN - The European Real Estate Network ,.
IRG Portugal has offices in Quinta do Lago, Algarve, the Estoril/ Cascais Riviera, Lisbon City and London.
History
Tróia is an area rich in Roman history. The area has been rich in Roman history since the 16th Century. Excavations of the ruins were comissioned by Queen Maria I in the 18th Century. Significant archaeological discoveries include marble pieces, inscriptions, friezes and sarcophagi, coins, ceramic and glass pieces from the day-to-day of populations from the Roman Empire.
The area was declared a National Monument in 1910 after houses, baths, a Christian basilica and several necropolises were found along with a Roman fish-salting industrial complex.
Golf
Tróia Golf was designed by American golf architect Robert Trent Jones Sr and opened in 1980. Ranked amongst the top courses in Europe. Robert Trent Jones himself selected Tróia’s third hole for his dream eclectic course.
The host of the Portuguese Open Championship in 1983 and the International European Amateurs Championship in 2002.
Troia golf course is laid out along the beach amidst sand dunes and pine groves, the course is encircled by the sea, with the backdrop of the Arrabida mountain range on the opposite shore of the Sado Estuary. Greens are small with naturally shaped defensive bunkers and hummocks and the fairways are narrow and hemmed in by sandy dunes and pine trees.
Tróia Golf was closed in October 2007 for a six-month, £1 million overhaul to update and renovate certain aspects of the course. Although the layout of the course was not altered, all greens and fairways were re-laid and upgraded irrigation systems installed.
Chemical treatments at Tróia Golf are kept to a minimum, with the implementation of the resort’s ISO 14001 environmental management system. Chemical usage is monitored closely and only minimum quantities are applied. Rough areas of the course are left untouched as low intensity managed areas to promote the growth of natural wild flower spices and to encourage the introduction of local animal and bird life.
A new clubhouse was opened in October 2008, designed by Joao Paciencia.
The resort will be divided into four areas. The Central Area will be a centre of commercial activity and will have a marina, casino and conference centre, two four-star aparthotels, one of the five-star hotels, restaurants, bars and shopping facilities. The Beach Area has a beach club and a country club. The Golf and Hotel Resort Area has the second five-star hotel and a a par-72, 18-hole championship golf course designed by Robert Trent Jones Sr. The Eco Resort will have a tennis centre, equestrian centre, archaeological centre and an environment centre.
Troiaresort is being developed by Sonae Turismo Sonae SGPS has a worldwide presence with total assets of €9 billion and 58,000 employees in 14 countries. .
Villas and apartments at Troiaresort are being marketed by IRG International Realty Group , the exclusive affiliate of Christie’s Great Estates in Portugal. IRG is a founding member of EREN - The European Real Estate Network ,.
IRG Portugal has offices in Quinta do Lago, Algarve, the Estoril/ Cascais Riviera, Lisbon City and London.
History
Tróia is an area rich in Roman history. The area has been rich in Roman history since the 16th Century. Excavations of the ruins were comissioned by Queen Maria I in the 18th Century. Significant archaeological discoveries include marble pieces, inscriptions, friezes and sarcophagi, coins, ceramic and glass pieces from the day-to-day of populations from the Roman Empire.
The area was declared a National Monument in 1910 after houses, baths, a Christian basilica and several necropolises were found along with a Roman fish-salting industrial complex.
Golf
Tróia Golf was designed by American golf architect Robert Trent Jones Sr and opened in 1980. Ranked amongst the top courses in Europe. Robert Trent Jones himself selected Tróia’s third hole for his dream eclectic course.
The host of the Portuguese Open Championship in 1983 and the International European Amateurs Championship in 2002.
Troia golf course is laid out along the beach amidst sand dunes and pine groves, the course is encircled by the sea, with the backdrop of the Arrabida mountain range on the opposite shore of the Sado Estuary. Greens are small with naturally shaped defensive bunkers and hummocks and the fairways are narrow and hemmed in by sandy dunes and pine trees.
Tróia Golf was closed in October 2007 for a six-month, £1 million overhaul to update and renovate certain aspects of the course. Although the layout of the course was not altered, all greens and fairways were re-laid and upgraded irrigation systems installed.
Chemical treatments at Tróia Golf are kept to a minimum, with the implementation of the resort’s ISO 14001 environmental management system. Chemical usage is monitored closely and only minimum quantities are applied. Rough areas of the course are left untouched as low intensity managed areas to promote the growth of natural wild flower spices and to encourage the introduction of local animal and bird life.
A new clubhouse was opened in October 2008, designed by Joao Paciencia.